How to manage the relationship yield of peanuts during podding period

The 25-30 days from the first appearance of chicken-head young fruit in 50% of peanut plants to the appearance of peanut full fruit in 50% of peanut plants is called peanut podding period. The podding period of peanut is the key period to determine the peanut yield in the current year. The podding period of peanut is the peak period of aboveground vegetative growth and underground reproductive growth.

peanut

During this period, the soil needs to be moist, and the more suitable wetting degree is that the soil water content accounts for 60% of the field capacity. When the soil is short of water, the ovary stops growing and forms blighted fruit, but there is too much soil moisture, which leads to poor ventilation, soil hypoxia, premature senescence of root system, and increase of empty fruit, blighted fruit and rotten fruit. The optimum temperature for peanut pod development is 25-33 ℃, when the pod develops rapidly and the weight gain is high. When the temperature of big-grain peanut and small-grain peanut is lower than 15 ℃ and 12 ℃ respectively, the pods will stop growing slowly and will easily form blighted fruit. At the same time, nitrogen and phosphorus can be supplied to the young fruits and pods of peanuts from roots, ovary stalks, ovaries and other parts, while potassium is still in the stem. Peanuts in this period have a large demand for calcium, and calcium deficiency is prone to the phenomenon of empty fruit and blighted fruit.

Field management measures:

The main results are as follows: 1. According to the characteristics that the peanut needle and pod surface can absorb nutrients from the soil and supply their own needs, the topdressing of peanut fruiting area can apply 10-15kg compound fertilizer with phosphorus and calcium per mu. Make sure there is no shortage of fat in this period.

2. Foliar spraying fertilizer. Foliar fertilizer spraying can enhance peanut growth, improve peanut disease resistance and adverse environment ability, and has the advantages of fast absorption, rapid action, high utilization rate and so on. During the growth period of the whole peanut, it can be sprayed on the positive and negative sides of the peanut leaves several times or alone. However, calcium in high-yield fields and acidic soil plots can be sprayed on peanut leaves, which can quickly supplement elements such as calcium and magnesium, increase peanut fruit number and improve peanut pod quality.

3. During the podding period, we should focus on the control of insect pests and peanut root diseases, and timely control the vigorous growth. Peanut white silk disease and root rot have occurred frequently in recent years, which can be controlled by "Fengqia Root Protection". Before sealing ridges, the peanut root is sprayed for the first time, and according to the situation, the second time is sprayed at an interval of about 10 days. The best time to spray is after the rain or when the soil moisture is better.

According to the management of peanut podding period, about 20 days before peanut harvest, it is mainly to control leaf spot, prevent premature senescence, mature living stem, increase peanut plumpness and increase peanut yield.