How to cultivate the dragon fruit to increase the yield of dragon fruit

The dragon fruit belongs to tropical and subtropical fruit, which is resistant to drought, high temperature and light, and has lax requirements on soil quality. Flat land, hillside and sandy land can be planted. The soil pH value is between 6 and 7.5. It is best to choose land rich in organic matter and good drainage. The dragon fruit is not resistant to frost and can be planted in a simple greenhouse in areas where the winter temperature is lower than 0 ℃.

Dragon fruit

The mode of planting. Pitaya can be planted on the wall and in a shed, but column cultivation is the most common, with low production cost and high land utilization rate. In the so-called column cultivation, 3 Mel 4 dragon fruit seedlings stand a cement column or wooden column in the middle, so that the dragon fruit grows upward along the column.

Planting specifications in two seasons. The row spacing of the column is 1.5m × 2m. According to the calculation of planting 4 pitaya seedlings around each column, 750 pitaya can be planted per mu. Fire dragon fruit can be planted all the year round, do not be deeply planted, just implant deep 3cm, and keep the soil moist at the initial stage of planting.

Field management. The dragon fruit begins to blossom and bear fruit 12-14 months after planting, and it can blossom 15 times a year. April-November is the fruit-bearing period of dragon fruit. The fruit matures 30-40 days after flowering, and the single fruit weighs 500-1000g. It produces more than 20 dragon fruits per column in the second year after planting, and enters the full fruit stage in the third year. If the management level is high, the per mu yield can reach 2500kg. The key points of high-yield cultivation of dragon fruit are as follows:

1. Thin fertilizer is applied frequently: because of the long harvest period, organic fertilizer should be reapplied every year, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied evenly for a long time. Potassium and magnesium fertilizers were added during flowering and fruiting period to promote sugar accumulation and improve quality. During the fruiting period, the soil remains moist and the tree plate is covered with grass or mushroom residue. When the weather is dry, 3mer will be irrigated once a day.

2. Pick the heart: when the branch grows to 1.3-1.4m long, it can promote the branch and let the dragon fruit branch droop naturally.

3. Interplanting and artificial pollination: when planting pitaya, it is necessary to plant about 10% of the white meat type of pitaya. Interplanting mutual pollination can improve the fruit rate. In case of overcast and rainy weather, artificial pollination should be carried out. Artificial pollination can apply pollen directly to the stigma of female flowers with a brush before the flowers bloom in the evening or before the flowers are closed in the morning.

4. Pruning branches: after the dragon fruit is harvested every year, the branches that have borne fruit should be cut off so that they can grow new branches and ensure the annual yield in the coming year.

5. Pest control: there are few diseases and insect pests in dragon fruit, and snails and ants are the most harmful in seedling stage, which can be controlled by insecticides; diseases are easy to be infected in high temperature and humidity season, and some branch necrosis and mildew spots appear, which can be controlled by strong copper oxide and strychnine, and the effect is good.