The quality of Jufeng grape has declined year after year how to do a good job in the management of Jufeng grape

In recent years, the quality of Jufeng grape has declined, poor maturity, uneven size, poor coloring, hard and sour pulp; some pedicels turn brown, wilt, grape rot and deterioration. Therefore, measures should be taken to improve the quality of Jufeng grape.

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I. strengthening the management of fertilizer and water

Jufeng grape has a high demand for fertilizer and water. It usually takes 1.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.0 kg of phosphorus and 1.5 kg of potassium for every 100 kg berry harvested. At the same time, during the berry growth period, sufficient water can increase the fruit grain and increase the yield. However, if the grape is irrigated excessively from coloring to maturity, the fruit will have low sugar content, high acidity, poor coloring, fruit cracking, easy to induce gray mold and late rot, affect the grape color, aroma, taste and reduce its quality. Therefore, irrigation should be appropriate, especially when watering should be stopped 20 days before grape picking. Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to prevent grape plants from growing green, branches and leaves closed, poor ventilation and lack of light, so that the grapes can not grow and mature normally, the fruit stalks are fragile and tender, the peel is thin, and the resistance is poor. In this regard, during the grape coloring period, 800-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be sprayed on the leaves and sprayed again every half a month, which can improve the quality of Jufeng grape. After defoliation in autumn, 2000 Mu of 3000 kg of mature organic fertilizer with 2% phosphate fertilizer is applied per mu. At this time, the soil temperature is higher, which is conducive to the decomposition of organic fertilizer and the absorption and utilization of nutrients by grape roots.

2. Reasonable pruning

In order to pursue high yield, inflorescence is not thinned in summer. Do not pinch the tip of the ear, so that the nutrient supply is scattered, and the grapes vary in size and maturity. When cutting in winter, there are more branches and vines, which leads to the upward movement of the fruit part of the grape, which makes the ear gather in the upper part of the shelf surface. Due to excessive load and uneven distribution, it is difficult to form high quality fruit. Therefore, Jufeng grape should remove the center of the main shoot and the secondary shoot in time before flowering, so that more nutrients can be transported to the floral organ, at the same time, part of the inflorescence should be properly thinned, and the end of the grape should be pinched 5 days before flowering, so that nutrients can be concentrated to supply the remaining grapes. The medium-long shoots are trimmed in winter, leaving about 15 new shoots per square meter of shelf area, which are staggered up and down to ensure that the growth leaves of grape per panicle reach 25 pieces, and the yield of Jufeng grape per mu is controlled within 2500 kg. In this way, the ears of Jufeng grapes are tight, the grains are neat, mature and consistent, and the flavor and color of the grapes are improved.

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III. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Thoroughly clean the vineyard during winter scissors to eliminate all kinds of pathogens. In spring, Jufeng grape was sprayed with 5 Bordeaux sulphur mixture to prevent powdery mildew and felt disease; a week after flowering, 200 times Bordeaux solution was sprayed to control black pox; since the first ten days of June, it was sprayed with 600, 800, 50% bacillus, once every 10, 000, 15 days, 4 times, and 400 times aluminum ethyl phosphate, 1, 000, 500, 500 times dimethoate EC for prevention of downy mildew, dust and other pests. If a grape wing moth is found, 50% dichlorvos can be infused into the wormhole, and then the wormhole is sealed with clay. In order to prevent listed grapes from being stained with pesticides, stop spraying pesticides half a month before harvest.

IV. Timely picking

The growing period of Jufeng grape is 130ml 150 days, and the effective accumulated temperature is 3000 ℃-3200 ℃. It begins to color in early July and matures in late August. Jufeng grape is a medium-ripe variety, which belongs to tetraploid.