Technical points of developing "Rice Field Fish Culture" in Ecological Culture

Rice field fish culture

Rice field fish culture is the use of rice field shallow water environment, while growing rice, fish and aquatic products. There are many advantages of fish culture in rice field, such as low investment and high income; weeding and pest control, which is conducive to rice growth; improving paddy field fertility and improving soil; less farmland flower work, and so on.

In recent years, on the basis of summarizing the experience of traditional rice-fish symbiosis, our province has explored and summed up a set of ditch-pit rice and fish culture model, which is called "1000 jin rice and 100 jin fish" by the masses, with an average income of more than 1,000 yuan per mu. It provides a good way for farmers in our province, especially in mountainous areas, to shake off poverty and become rich.

First, the effect of stabilizing grain and increasing production is obvious. Pit-type rice field fish culture, pit ditch accounts for about 10% of the rice field area, from a common point of view, this will reduce rice yield, but the experimental results show that rice yield does not decrease but increase. The yield of rice per mu in the control field without fish was 410kg, while the average yield per mu in the paddy field with ditch-pit paddy field was 450.9 kg, an increase of 10%. The reasons are as follows: first, the rice seedlings occupied by fish ditches and fish pits are densely planted around the ditches and pits, ostensibly accounting for 10% of the rice field area, but the number of transplanting seedlings is only reduced by about 5%; second, the extensive activities of fish in the ditch-type paddy fields can kill weeds, eat insects, loosen the soil and fertilize, promote the growth of rice, especially around the edge of the ditch, and improve the plumpness of rice.

Second, the role of farmers in increasing income is significant. According to the data provided by Wenzhou Marine and Fisheries Bureau, according to the statistical results of input and output of fish rice field and control field without fish culture, the average yield of rice and fish per mu is 450.9 kg and 57.7 kg per mu, and the output value per mu is 2813.16 yuan. Deducting 1482 yuan per mu of various expenses, the net profit per mu is 1331.16 yuan; the average yield of rice per mu is 410kg, the output value per mu is 820 yuan, the cost is 676.5 yuan, and the net profit per mu is only 143.5 yuan. Fish farming rice field per mu can increase the income of farmers by 1187.66 yuan, and the effect of income increase is very obvious.

Third, the role of environmental improvement is outstanding. From the point of view of the experiment, compared with the uncultured fish control fields, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides decreased by 44.4% and 60% respectively. After the fish was harvested, the soil organic matter content in the fish paddy field reached 30.43 g / kg, which was 12.4% higher than that in the control field (27.06 g / kg). It can be seen that fish culture in rice field plays a good role in enhancing land fertility and improving farmland ecological environment; at the same time, the quality and safety level of rice are also improved.