How to improve the Survival rate of soft-shelled Turtle during the overwintering period

Soft-shelled turtle

Soft-shelled turtle is a kind of variable temperature animal, which is very sensitive to the change of external temperature, and the temperature directly affects its activity ability and feeding intensity. Under natural conditions, the temperature range suitable for feeding and growth of soft-shelled turtle is 20 ℃ 35 ℃, and the optimum temperature range is 27 ℃ 33 mol. When the water temperature drops to 20 ℃, the appetite and activity of the soft-shelled turtle gradually weaken, and when the water temperature is about 15 ℃, the soft-shelled turtle goes into the mud to hibernate, thus reducing energy consumption and self-sustaining life. According to the biological characteristics of soft-shelled turtle, it is very important to do well the management of soft-shelled turtle in overwintering period to improve the survival rate, commodity rate and economic benefit.

1. Management of juvenile soft-shelled turtle during overwintering

Most of the soft-shelled turtle seedlings hatched from June to July of that year can grow to more than 50g per turtle under the climatic conditions of Shunde city before winter in November. These larger seedlings can survive the winter naturally. Natural overwintering soft-shelled turtle fry, according to the requirements of adult fish culture, on the basis of doing a good job in pond cleaning and disinfection, stocked at a density of 1000ml 1200 pieces / mu, the pond water depth was maintained at 1Mel 1.3 m, and when the weather was fine and the temperature was high, feed some feed to supplement the physical consumption of soft-shelled turtle, so that the fry could not lose weight. Feeding can be done under water (5mur10cm from the water surface). At the same time, pay attention to the regulation of water quality, regular disinfection and disinfestation, minimize the invasion of diseases and pests, and make the seedlings survive the winter safely.

For the soft-shelled turtle seedlings hatched from September to October, due to the short growth period before overwintering, the overwintering weight is generally about 20mur30g, and the individual is relatively small, so it is too small to accumulate enough nutrients in the body for the winter. If in the case of natural overwintering, because of a large amount of physical consumption, not only growth stops and weight loss, but even death occurs once the air temperature and water temperature are too low. In order to solve this problem, Shunde City has adopted plastic film to cover the soft-shelled turtle over the winter pond in recent years, and good results have been achieved. This method has the advantages of simple and convenient, low cost and good heat preservation effect, and the general water temperature can be kept above 16 ℃. If covered with transparent plastic film, the water temperature can reach about 20 ℃ during the fine winter weather, and the soft-shelled turtle can also feed in the pond, which is conducive to the continued growth of seedlings, safe overwintering and improve the survival rate.

Juvenile soft-shelled turtle ponds are covered with thermal insulation for overwintering, generally requiring a water depth of about 0.8m and a stocking density of about 15m per square meter. Attention should be paid to the daily management: ① is ventilated and ventilated, which often keeps the air circulation covering the pond space; ② regulates the water quality. According to the changes of pH, dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen in the water, water purification disinfectants and oxygenators can be sprinkled to make a stable and good ecological environment during the overwintering period, and ③ should be fed properly. When the weather is clear and there are soft-shelled turtle activities in the pond, appropriate feeding can be carried out, generally feeding in shallow water (that is, underwater about 10 cm) is better, feed should be full price and increase adhesion, in order to reduce feed loss in the water and cause water pollution; ④ prevention and treatment of diseases. During the overwintering period, due to the low water temperature, juvenile soft-shelled turtles generally sneak into the bottom of the pond for hibernation, and their physique gradually decreases. If the water temperature rises, the water quality deteriorates, or the stocking density is too high, it will often lead to edema, bleeding, sores, furuncles, rotten skin and other diseases, so we must adhere to the principle of "giving priority to prevention and combining prevention and treatment." sprinkle water disinfectants with less irritation on a regular basis, and at the same time properly add germicidal, liver-protecting Chinese herbs or their preparations to the feed. The sick fish should be isolated and treated in time, and the dead fish should be picked up and deeply buried in time for disinfection. ⑤ should strengthen pond patrol observation. The overwintering cultivation of juvenile soft-shelled turtle is the key to the success or failure of culture. therefore, we must be diligent in patrolling the pond and observe carefully, especially when the weather changes, we should take corresponding measures to ensure the overwintering safety of seedlings.

2. Management of overwintering adult fish

For soft-shelled turtles with specifications of more than 150 per 200 grams, the number of adult fish in Shunde City is relatively large because the price remains low this year. Ensuring the continuous growth and safe overwintering of this batch of adult fish is the key to the benefit of culture. According to the climatic conditions of Shunde City, the general winter temperature is relatively high, and the soft-shelled turtle is basically in a semi-dormant state. Intermittent feeding can be carried out according to the specific conditions of the weather, so as to supplement the nutritional needs and physical energy consumption of the fish, so that it will not lose weight. Of course, we should also do a good job in the regulation of water quality and the prevention and treatment of diseases. Special attention should be paid to avoid spilling ponds for the winter, otherwise it will cause losses caused by mutual biting and interference damage.