Adjust the structure of fish culture and improve the benefit of aquaculture

Herring culture

In recent years, fishermen mainly breed omnivorous fish such as common carp, crucian carp, carp and grass, with large investment and small profits, and the market price is declining year by year. In 2014, as a technical instructor, I carefully analyzed and summarized the current domestic aquatic situation, organized aquatic science and technology demonstration households to carry out professional and technical training, and timely adjusted the aquaculture structure. Take the main culture of herring and black-tailed fish as the main culture model, with an increase of 2000-3000 yuan per mu compared with conventional aquaculture, radiation drives surrounding farmers to develop famous and high-quality aquaculture and achieve good demonstration results. The experience is summarized as follows:

Market potential: because of the fresh and tender meat and delicious taste of herring and black-tailed fish, they are favored by the majority of consumers. And the market price is relatively stable, herring and black tail fish culture is simple and easy, culture risk and market risk are small, large-scale culture can be carried out and good economic benefits can be obtained.

I. Culture conditions:

1. Pond conditions: the pond area is 5-10 mu, the water depth is 2-2.5 meters, the water source is good, the water quality is fresh and pollution-free, the drainage and irrigation is convenient, the pond ridge is hardened, and the oxygen-increasing facilities are complete.

2. Pond preparation: clear silt first for ponds with deeper silt and keep the depth of silt 10-20 cm. The pond was irrigated with 30-50 cm 7 days before the fish was put into the pond, and 150 kg of quicklime per mu was sprinkled in the whole pond to kill the pathogenic bacteria and pests in the pond and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the breeding process.

3. Fish release: the release time is generally from December to January and February, the weather is fine, and the water temperature is 8-10 degrees. The fish should be soaked in 10-20PPM potassium permanganate solution for 5-10 minutes. The quantity per mu is 100-120 herring, 1-1.5 kg / tail, 50 black-tail carp, 25-50 g / tail, 30 silver carp, 250-500 g / tail, 150 silver carp, 300-500 g / tail. According to this model, the specification of herring can reach 5-6 kg at the end of the year, the unit yield can reach 500-600 kg, the specification of black-tailed fish can reach 1.2-0.4 kg, and the unit yield can reach 15-20 kg.

Second, water quality control: from April to October, the water quality is tested 2-3 times a month, controlling the pool water ammonia nitrogen 0.2 mg / L, nitrite 0.05 mg / L, PH value 7-8.5. Regulation and control method: 250g of Bacillus or EM bacteria per mu, sprinkled in the whole pool in 10-15 days, and 500-1000 grams of sodium thiosulfate in the whole pool if you encounter overcast and rainy weather for a long time. Add water once in 15 days from May to September, 20 cm each time. Ensure that the pool water is alive and cool, and turn on the aerator at noon on a sunny day for 1-2 hours to ensure that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen in the pool water to avoid the death of herring caused by hypoxia.

Third, feeding management: insist on patrolling the pond in the morning and evening, observe the fish situation, and make a good breeding production log. The protein content of pellet feed is 32%. Bait adhere to the "four fixed, four look" principle, a day is divided into morning, middle and evening three times. Fertilization generally chooses to use biological fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer should be flexibly controlled according to the fatness and thinness of water quality.

Fourth, disease prevention and treatment: herring mainly prevent and cure ring worm, rotifer, Gill rot disease, red skin disease, hepatobiliary syndrome and so on. Prevention and control methods: microscopic examination 2-3 times a month, it was found that the ring worm was sprinkled with 100 ml of mebendazole in the whole pool, and the wheel worm was sprinkled in the whole pool with 200 ml of rotifer per mu; if Gill rot and red skin disease occurred, the whole pool was sprinkled with povidone iodine 250 ml per mu, and reused once after 2-3 days. From May to September, Chinese herbal preparations such as Radix Isatidis were taken orally 2-3 times a month for 2-3 days each time. Enhance the immune function of fish, prevent and treat fish diseases.