How to apply plant growth regulators to pollution-free agricultural products?

How to apply plant growth regulators to pollution-free agricultural products? Please introduce that plant growth regulators are physiologically active substances synthesized or extracted from microorganisms that play a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. Here, trace chemicals that regulate plant growth and development are collectively referred to as plant hormones or plant growth regulators. For the use of plant hormones, we should first clarify several theoretical issues: first, plant hormones are different from fertilizers. Plant hormone is not a nutrient, it only plays a role in regulating and controlling the growth and development of plants, but can not replace fertilizer. Second, the external application of plant hormones should be absorbed by plants, participate in plant metabolism and affect the balance of plant hormones. Third, the sensitivity of plants to plant hormones varies with the species of plants, the types of organs and the period of development. The use of plant hormones should strictly abide by the technical regulations for the production of pollution-free agricultural products and green agricultural products and the guidelines for the use of pesticides, and limit the use of plant growth regulators with low residual toxicity and low residues. The use of plant hormones should not affect the quality of green agricultural products. 1. Selection of plant growth regulators (1) selection of legally produced varieties of plant growth regulators in China, the production and use of plant growth regulators are classified as "pesticides", and products used to regulate plant growth must be registered according to "pesticides". The legal production of plant growth regulators must have the Pesticide Registration Certificate issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, the production license or production approval documents issued by the industrial product licensing department under the State Council, and the Product Enterprise Standards examined and filed by the Provincial Department of Chemical Industry and the Bureau of Technical Supervision, there are product quality standards and quality control certificates are attached by quality inspection. Plant growth regulator products must have labels or instructions. The plant growth regulator name, enterprise name, product batch number, regulator registration certificate number (temporary registration certificate number), regulator production license number or production approval document number, regulator active ingredient, content, weight, product performance, toxicity, use, use technology, use method, production date, period of validity and matters needing attention in use shall be marked on it. The sub-package should also be marked with the sub-packing unit. (2) for clear production and control objectives, the use of plant growth regulators should have clear air control objectives, such as symptomatic solution to overgrowth, shedding, reducing labor intensity, emptying flowering time, improving quality and other production problems. According to the target of emptying, choose effective regulator products and do not abuse them. Different plant growth regulators have different regulatory effects on plants, some promote growth, some inhibit growth, some delay growth, some promote shedding, and some inhibit shedding. The appropriate types of regulators should be selected according to the problems to be solved in production, the properties, functions and economic conditions of regulators. 2. The key technologies for the use of plant growth conditioners (1) in the cause of controlling the concentration and dose of plant growth regulators, attention must be paid to the problem of dose. The question of dose concerns the effectiveness and cost of the use of plant growth regulators and the safety of agricultural products and the environment. Some regulators may have the opposite effect at different concentrations, such as auxins, low concentrations promote growth, high concentrations inhibit growth, and even kill plants. When using plant growth regulators, the concentration and liquid quantity should be strictly controlled, and under the premise of achieving the purpose of regulation, the dose should be reduced as much as possible, so as to reduce the cost and residue. In general, when plant growth regulators are applied once in a critical period, it will have an obvious effect. Repeated application is not only labor-consuming and costly, but also the effect is not necessarily better than that of one application. However, when using plant growth retarders, the effect of repeated use of low concentration is better than that of high concentration. Because repeated application at low concentration can not only maintain a continuous inhibitory effect, but also avoid toxic and side effects on plants. (2) mastering the physiological effects of plant growth regulators in the period and time of use is often associated with a certain period of growth and development, and the ideal effect can not be obtained either too early or too late. Different periods of use may even get completely opposite results, such as naphthylacetic acid plays a role in young fruits, while the use of naphthylacetic acid before harvest can prevent pre-harvest fruit drop. Because of the time, be sure to choose the appropriate time to apply, and pay attention to the time of use. Generally, it is better before 10:00 on a sunny and windless day, do not use it in rainy days, and apply it in case of rain within 4 hours after application. (3) according to the response of different crops, different varieties and different organs to plant growth regulators, different crops, varieties and organs have different sensitivity to regulators, so different types and concentrations of regulators should be selected according to the order. For example, apricot trees are sensitive to paclobutrazol and the dosage should be increased. For example, when paclobutrazol is used on plum trees, Chinese plums are not suitable for use. Because of the number of times, we must choose according to the response of tree species and varieties. (4) suitable dosage forms and application methods for plant growth regulators include raw drugs and aqueous agents, powders, oils, fumigants and other dosage forms. The methods of use are usually spray, soaking, smearing, perfusion, drip, fumigation and so on. The original drug is usually insoluble in water, so the corresponding solvent should be selected and diluted. When foliar spraying with water agent, a certain amount of surfactant (such as soapy water, washing powder, etc.) is usually added, but the acidity and alkalinity of the solution can not be changed too much, so as to make it easy to stick and spread on the leaf surface. The uniformity of the suspension made of wettable powder is worse than that of water agent, so we should pay attention to shaking to prevent precipitation during spraying. Choose the application method according to the action way of the regulator into the plant, for example, paclobutrazol is absorbed through the root and can be applied to the soil; 2mai 4murD is used to prevent flowers and fruits from falling, and the chemical should be applied to the flowers to inhibit the formation of abscission layer. If the young leaves are treated with 2mai 4murD, it is easy to cause damage. For example, if pineapple blossoms are stimulated by acetic acid or ethephon, the liquid can be poured into the tubular heart leaves to directly stimulate inflorescence differentiation, rather than soil irrigation or spraying. However, because our city's agricultural products are exported to Japan and other countries, butyrylhydrazide (butyrylhydrazide) can not be detected, so it can not be used in production. (5) containers with medicaments should be washed with different regulators with different acidity, alkalinity and other physical and chemical properties, and containers with medicaments must be clean and clean. Containers filled with alkaline agents will fail without washing acidic agents; after containing regulators that inhibit growth, promoters will not be effective. For example: the use of fresh in production, generally high concentration, if there are residues, without cleaning, used to deal with low doses to prevent fruit drop, will cause fruit tree page drop and fruit drop, get the opposite effect. (6) pay attention to the changes of plant growth and climate generally speaking, the concentration of good plant growth can be slightly higher, and the concentration of weak plant growth should be slightly lower. The temperature also has a great influence on the regulator, which reflects quickly when the temperature is high and slow when the temperature is low, so the concentration used in winter and summer should be different. Under the condition of dry climate, the concentration of the solution should be reduced. On the contrary, when Rain Water is used adequately, the concentration should be increased appropriately. (7) ingenious and prudent mixed use of a variety of pesticides and several plant growth regulators or mixed with pesticides and chemical fertilizers can exert comprehensive effects and solve several problems in production at the same time. For example, in order to advance the supply period of pears, ethephon is used to accelerate ripening, in order to avoid fruit drop, it can be mixed with neaacetic acid. However, in the mixed use of several plant growth regulators or mixed with pesticides and chemical fertilizers, it is necessary to fully understand whether there is enhancement or antagonism between plant growth regulators or between plant growth regulators and other pesticides. For example, Ye Mianbao and Penshibao are acidic and cannot be mixed with alkaline pesticides and fertilizers; gibberellins are easy to decompose when exposed to alkali. When Yiyadan is mixed with cytokinin, the effects will cancel each other out. (8) due to the influence of climate, quality of growth regulators, dosage forms and other factors, small-scale tests can not be used according to a unified standard. Different kinds of crops, different varieties, even the same crop and the same variety will be different due to different climate and soil. before large-scale treatment, small-scale experiments must be done to determine the appropriate type, concentration and dosage form of regulators. to achieve scientific and rational use. (9) combining improved varieties and various cultivation techniques, plant growth regulators only play a role in a certain link of plant growth and development, cannot leave improved varieties, and cannot replace fertilizers, pesticides and other farming measures. In order to make its application in agricultural production to achieve ideal results, we must cooperate with other agricultural technical measures. For example, if the cuttings are treated with neacetic acid and indole acetic acid to promote rooting, it is necessary to maintain a certain humidity and temperature in the seedbed, otherwise rooting is difficult to be guaranteed. Plant growth regulators are regulatory substances in organisms, the use of plant growth regulators can not replace fertilizer and water, even if they are promotive regulators, there must be sufficient fertilizer and water conditions to play a role. Click to get more regulator application techniques click to get more pesticide application techniques