Cowpea mosaic disease in summer how to control cowpea mosaic disease

Mosaic disease is one of the most common diseases of cowpea, which occurs in high temperature and dry season in summer and autumn, which will greatly reduce the yield and quality of cowpea.

Cowpea mosaic disease

I. symptoms of the disease:

Mosaic disease harms the whole cowpea, the upper leaves of cowpea are the first to show disease, appear thick green, light green mosaic or mottled, serious cowpea leaf shrinkage deformity. Mosaic disease led to weakening of cowpea plant growth, shortening of internodes and dwarfing of the whole plant. When the diseased plant blossoms, the flower organ is deformed, the flower is rare, the pod is few, the pod is rat tail, the grain is not full, and brown necrotic markings may appear.

2. Pathogen:

Cowpea mosaic disease is caused by a variety of viruses, there are mainly three kinds: 1. Cucumber mosaic virus. The virus is transmitted by friction contact, but it is mainly transmitted by many kinds of aphids, such as vegetable aphid, peach aphid, cotton aphid and so on. The seeds are not poisonous. 2. Cowpea aphids transmit mosaic virus. The virus is mainly transmitted by peach aphid, cotton aphid and bean aphid; the juice can also be transmitted by rubbing seeds; and the seed also has a virus-carrying rate of about 8%. In addition to infecting cowpea, it can also infect mung bean, Lima bean, amaranth quinoa, quinoa and so on. 3. Cowpea mosaic virus. The virus can be transmitted by friction contact with diseased juice, and so can cotton aphid and peach aphid. Generally speaking, cowpea seeds are not poisonous, but cowpea seeds have a certain virus-carrying rate.

3. Occurrence regularity and conditions of cowpea mosaic disease:

Virus source: except for a few poisonous seeds, the host plants infected in the field and some weed hosts are the main sources of the virus. The disease is mainly transmitted by winged aphids and the sap contact of agricultural operations to complete the re-infection in the field. High temperature, dry weather, extensive cultivation management, lack of fertilizer and water are all factors that induce cowpea mosaic disease.

Fourth, prevention and control methods:

1. The seeds were selected from the full pods of disease-free cowpea plants.

2. Strengthen the cultivation and management of cowpea disease control: remove wild weeds on the edge of the field, increase the application of high-quality organic fertilizer, and topdressing in time. Watering frequently in the dry season can prevent the soil from being short of water, make the plant grow and flourish, and improve the resistance and tolerance to disease.

3. Early control of aphids: in order to prevent cowpea aphids from spreading the virus, 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000mur1500 times or 20% fenvalerate emulsion 3000 times can be sprayed from the seedling stage.

4. Some nutritional resistance enhancers can be sprayed at the seedling stage, such as 1000-fold solution of Baifunong 800, 500-fold solution of 20% virus A wettable powder, 300-fold solution of Shiduqing, Yemanbao, etc.