The cultivation techniques of amaranth in summer open air

Amaranth, alias green amaranth, red amaranth, wild amaranth, rice amaranth, eat tender leaves, originated in China, is the main leafy vegetables in summer.

Amaranth

First, choose the variety. Summer open-air planting, select strong heat resistance, drought tolerance, strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, high yield, high quality amaranth, round leaf amaranth, sharp leaf amaranth and so on. ① big leaf amaranth. The whole plant has 14 leaves, the leaf is large, long ovate, the leaf margin is nearly entire, deep purplish red, the periphery of the leaf is green; the stem is light green, the tender stem and mesophyll are thick and tender, suitable for cooked food, unique flavor. About 40 days after sowing, it can be harvested. Yield of 2500kg per mu. ② round leaf amaranth. The whole plant has 15 leaves, the leaf blade is green on the front, the flour on the back is green, the petiole and stem are green or deep purplish red, and there are short white hairs. Tender stems and leaves are soft and suitable for cooked food. Under the condition of warmth and sufficient water and fertilizer, it grows rapidly and can be harvested about 20 days after sowing. Yield of 2000kg per mu. ③ pointed leaf amaranth. The whole plant has 12 leaves, the leaves are long and narrow, and the petioles and stems are purplish red, covered with white short hairs. Tender plants are slightly thicker and contain more fiber, so they are suitable for cooked food. Yield of 1500kg per mu.

Second, make beds and sow seeds. Select flat, convenient drainage and irrigation, fertile and loose alkaline sandy loam or clay loam, after the previous crop harvest, timely soil preparation, applying circle fertilizer 2000kg, diammonium phosphate 50kg per mu. After deep turning and raking, a flat bed with a width of 1.5 meters is made. It is generally used for direct seeding and harvesting seedlings. The seeds were sown in stages from May to late June. Sowing is adopted and amaranth is used as 1kg per mu. After sowing, the soil covered with 0.5cm is thick, and after compaction, the head water is poured.

Third, field management and protection. Amaranth is a wild vegetable, which is easy to manage and often keeps the field moist. Summer sowing amaranth, 3-6 days of emergence, timely weeding after emergence, and strengthen water and fertilizer management to keep the soil moist. In the midsummer high temperature period, cover the sunshade net, cool and moisturize, cover day and night, and create a suitable temperature environment conducive to the growth of amaranth. From sowing to 2 true leaves of amaranth, choose sunny day, the first topdressing, about 12 days later, the second topdressing, and the third topdressing after the first interharvest of amaranth. After each topdressing, water in time, and then pull out and harvest once, that is, topdressing once. The basal fertilizer is sufficient, but during the growth period, there is no topdressing.

Fourth, prevention and control of diseases and pests. The disease resistance of amaranth is strong, the main disease is white rust and the pest is aphid. To prevent and cure white rust, you can spray 50% nail cream copper wettable powder 700 times liquid, or 64% poison alum wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 60% nail cream aluminum copper wettable powder 600 times solution at the initial stage of the disease. To control aphids, 40% dimethoate 1200-2000 times or 2.5% Kung Fu EC 4000 times can be sprayed.

Fifth, timely harvest. 45-50 days after sowing, the seedling height was 12-15 cm, and when there were 5-6 leaves, the first harvest was carried out, that is, some overdense amaranth was pulled out. After 20 days, when the plant height of amaranth is 20-25 cm, 5cm is left at the base for the second harvest. After that, when the lateral branches germinated and grew into about 15cm, the third harvest was carried out.