Understand the biological characteristics of octopus and master the artificial culture technology of octopus.

Octopus is rich in nutrition, delicious, and has the effect of tonifying blood, replenishing qi and reining muscle, so it is an excellent green nourishing food in seawater and is deeply loved by the public, so the market prospect of artificially cultured octopus is good.

Octopus

I. Biological characteristics and artificial culture of octopus

The octopus can not adapt to the water temperature less than 7 ℃, and the specific gravity of sea water is 1.021. Octopus in low salinity environment will die. It is best to be the bottom of the sea area in the gravel zone. The octopus can lay eggs every year when the water temperature is above 12 ℃. The full length of the hatched octopus larvae is about 3mm, and the growth depends on feeding on large animal plankton. When it reaches 10-13mm after 45 days, it settles to the bottom of the sea and lives in benthos.

Octopus can be cultured in cages with 3.94mX1.82mX0.9m, the mesh is smaller than octopus fry, and a net cover is needed to prevent octopus from escaping. Octopus is often cultured in the harbor where the waves are quiet and the water temperature is 15-23 ℃. In general, octopus is cultured in spring and summer (June, July) and autumn (10-December).

Seedlings: the most suitable octopus fry are caught in cages or from the bottom trawl. The amount of octopus seedlings is determined according to the water temperature and running water. 36-42kg octopus seedlings are stocked in large cages per cubic meter, and 25-30kg octopus seedlings are released in small cages per cubic meter. In order to prevent different kinds of octopus from killing each other, the same batch of octopus seedlings should be put into the cage after the octopus seedlings are full.

Bait: small fish, shellfish, fresh frozen fish can also be put. After a long time, the residual bait can be reduced or stopped for 1-2 days. Because the residual bait will pollute the water quality, but if the bait is stopped for more than 3 days, the octopus will kill each other. The feeding behavior of octopus was irregular when the water temperature was about 13 ℃, and the octopus did not eat when the water temperature was below 7 ℃.

Survival rate: the survival rate of octopus seedlings caught in cage is 70%-80% after 2 months culture, and the survival rate of octopus seedlings caught by fishing is about 50%. Octopus larvae were released in cages, and the mortality rate reached 20% to 30% on the 15th, and then the death rate decreased gradually. After 15 days of culture, the octopus was reared in cages of different sizes according to three specifications: large, medium and small. Wash the cage every 15 days in spring and autumn and once in 30 days in winter.

Artificial culture of octopus

Second, cool down and keep alive

Step 1: pick strong octopus and remove injured and unqualified octopus. Put the octopus in clean sea water for 0.5-1 hour, and remove the sediment, mucus and dirt from the sucker by the octopus itself. When it is not clean, you should release the dirty water and replace it with clean sea water to let the octopus purify itself. when adding water, do not let the water rush the octopus directly, and touch the octopus as far as possible without using hands and other tools throughout the process. The octopus caught from the ocean can survive for a period of time after soaking in fresh water, but the octopus that has been soaked in fresh water can hardly survive after cooling dormancy.

Step 2: put a sanitary plastic bag containing ice into the sea water so that the sea temperature drops to about 0 ℃, when the octopus goes into dormancy. Then put the dormant octopus in a plastic bag and add 20% clean seawater with a temperature close to 0 ℃.

Step 3: add 2cm thick flake ice in sealed plastic bags around the bottom of the incubator, put the packaged octopus into the incubator, put flake ice on top, cover the incubator and seal it with tape.

The appropriate temperature is 0 ℃. The temperature below 0 ℃ affects the survival rate of octopus, and even freezes to death. It should be frozen and sold within 5 days.