Management method of late rice at tillering stage affected by typhoon in southern China

This year, the transplanting period of double-cropping late rice in southern China was affected by typhoon and rainstorm, which delayed the transplanting progress of late rice in some areas, and the planted late rice was affected by rainfall and grew slowly. Up to now, the transplanting of late rice has been basically completed, and it has been transferred to the turning green and tillering stage one after another. In terms of management, corresponding measures should be taken to promote early development by early management, and to build a high-yield seedling frame to lay the foundation for full panicle and large panicle.

Late rice turning green and tillering stage

1. Application of tube due to seedling

Field management was carried out according to different seedling conditions: for a pair of late rice fields transplanted late, due to the shortening of vegetative growth period and effective tillering period, topdressing should be applied early in order to complete the seedlings in the critical leaf age of effective tillering. The second pair of late rice fields with early transplanting, insufficient number of seedlings or enough seedlings, but unbalanced growth, combined with exposure to the field, the seedlings were fertilized once, in order to help the balanced growth of seedlings, strengthen tillers and promote panicles. Three pairs of fields with good growth and sufficient number of seedlings should grasp the exposed and sun-dried fields, control ineffective tillering, reduce nutrition consumption and form high yield.

2. Early application of tiller fertilizer

The effective tillering stage of late rice is short, so it is necessary to insert early tube, side tube, late tube and timely tube. In addition to applying sufficient basic fertilizer, tiller fertilizer should be applied early to promote the early growth and rapid development of grain seedlings. The specific application method is as follows: fertilization 2-3 times in the early stage (from transplanting to effective tillering stage), thin application of root-inducing fertilizer to promote tillering 4-6 days after planting (throwing), 5 kg urea per mu, combined with chemical herbicides; the second time, 8-10 days after transplanting, tillering fertilizer was applied again, and 8-10 kg urea per mu. For the third time, about half a month after planting, balanced fertilizer was applied according to the growth of rice seedlings, 2-3 kg of urea and 5-7 kg of potassium chloride per mu to promote balanced growth and strong tillers of rice seedlings. At the same time, the number of seedlings should be regulated according to the high-yield seedling rack, which requires hybrid rice for 15-20 days and conventional late rice for 20-25 days to reach about 20-250000 seedlings per mu. On this basis, it was quickly transferred to fertilizer production to control seedlings, inhibited ineffective tillers, and controlled the number of seedlings in hybrid rice at about 300000 and conventional rice at 350000 seedlings.

Third, irrigation frequently in shallow water and sun-drying the field at the right time.

After throwing (transplanting) seedlings of late rice, shallow irrigation should be changed frequently in the early stage to reduce soil temperature and water temperature, prevent scalding seedlings and promote tillering; shallow water irrigation and intermittent wetting should be used to pipe water at tillering stage, and the depth of water layer is generally no more than 3-4 cm. Recharge water for the second time after natural drying. At the end of tillering, the field should be drained and dried timely according to the seedling condition, climate and soil conditions, so as to control the invalid tiller and create favorable conditions for strong stalk and large panicle. Drying the field should be timely and moderate, generally about 20 days after planting, and when the number of seedlings reaches the planned number, the method of drying the field from light to heavy should be carried out step by step, and the requirements of drying the field should be: dry and wet, do not touch the mud, and avoid heavy sun, especially hybrid rice.

IV. Integrated prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

During the tillering period of late rice, the main diseases and insect pests are rice leaf roller, rice planthopper, rice stem borer, rice sheath blight, rice blast and so on. At the same time, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of rice black-streaked dwarf disease in the south of late rice. Therefore, while doing a good job in fertilizer and water management, we should take measures according to local conditions, do a good job in the prediction and forecast of diseases and insect pests, accurately grasp the dynamics of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, select corresponding pesticides, do a good job in prevention and control in time, and effectively eliminate diseases and insect pests in the embryonic stage. to lay the foundation for ensuring the yield and harvest of late rice.