New no-tillage planting technology of no-tillage covered with rice straw with high labor-saving benefit and high efficiency

The planting technology of potato covered with straw under no-tillage is simple and easy, labor-saving, labor-saving, yield-increasing and efficient.

Potato covered with straw

Timely sowing: potato covered with straw, generally 1 mu of potato needs 2 mu of straw. Therefore, this technique can be used to grow autumn potato in rice stubble fields. The seeds can be sown in central Zhejiang in the first and middle of September and in the mountainous areas in mid-and late August. If you use even late rice fields, plant spring potatoes and sow in early February.

Seed potato treatment: autumn potato, it is suitable to use "Dongnong 303", "Zhongshu 3" and "Zhengshu 85-2" with short growth period, rapid expansion and short dormancy period, etc., generally use spring potato chips introduced from Northeast China as seed potato, 130-260 kg per mu. Before sowing, artificial measures should be taken to break the dormancy period of seed potato, that is, soaking the seeds in reservoir cold water or well water for 1 hour 7-10 days before sowing, or soaking the seeds in 920 aqueous solution of 5-10ppm for 30 minutes, drying and putting them in a cool place to accelerate germination. When the buds are about 1cm long, the seeds can be sowed.

Soil preparation and sowing: no-tillage sowing potato paddy field, according to the soil quality and soil drainage conditions to determine the width of the border, generally 2-2.5 meters, can use the original "high-yield ditch" to clear the ditch to make the bed. If the original rice bed is too wide, the center can open 1-2 more ditches, smash the ditch mud and shovel it in the middle of the border, so that the surface of the border is slightly curved to facilitate drainage and stain prevention. 1000-1500 kg of rotten organic fertilizer and 30-40 kg of compound fertilizer are applied to each mu of base fertilizer. Organic fertilizer can be applied or used as cover fertilizer. When sowing, the whole potato is sown, and the large seed potato can be cut into small potato pieces with 2-3 bud holes each, soaked in 2500-5000 times of carbendazim wettable powder, and after the section is slightly dry, cut with plant ash and sow every other day. When sowing, put the potato directly on the border and press it a little hard so that the seed potato is in full contact with the soil. Sowing row spacing 40-50 cm, plant spacing 25-30 cm, edge row can be appropriately dense, line spacing about 20 cm. Fertilize the potato pieces and apply the compound fertilizer between the rows, more than 5 cm away from the potato pieces, so as to avoid rotten seeds caused by the contact between the chemical fertilizer and the seed potato.

The straw can be covered after sowing, the thickness is generally 8-10 cm, the direction of the straw is perpendicular to the edge of the border, the base of the straw is connected with the top, and the whole bed is covered, which requires uniform thickness and no space. If the cover is uneven or too thin, light leakage is easy to occur, when the potato pieces grow up, green skin will appear at the sight of light, affecting the commodity; the cover should not be too thick, the thickest should not be more than 15cm. At the same time, straw should be avoided to crisscross and twist each other, so as not to affect seedling emergence.

Field management: generally rely on rainfall to keep the soil moist after sowing. If you encounter autumn drought in the early stage, you should irrigate "horse race water" to ensure seedling emergence and achieve full seedling and strong seedling. The covered straw can inhibit the growth of weeds and reduce the diseases of potato plants, so there can be no application of pesticides, no ploughing, no topdressing, no weeding, general grass and rice stubble will not affect the growth of potatoes, if there are large weeds, you can step down or hoe with your feet, and you don't have to use herbicides.

Harvest in batches: after covering the straw, the potato will grow on the border surface, as long as the straw can be picked, even if a small number of potato pieces are buried, it is easy to harvest. At the same time, it can be harvested in batches according to the market situation and the size of potato chunks, the big ones will be harvested first, and the remaining sweet potato pieces can continue to grow when covered with straw.