Low yield Transformation of Pear trees for cultivation and Storage nutrients in Autumn to promote High yield

In autumn, pear trees recuperate and store nutrients. This season is suitable for the transformation of low-yield pear orchards. After pear harvest, pear orchards will be reformed to strive for high and stable yields in the coming year. Now the measures for the transformation of pear orchard in autumn are briefly described as follows for farmers' reference.

Pear tree shaping

First, adjust the tree structure:

The pruning measures are as follows: the pear tree is strong and weak at the top, the big branches are numerous and messy, the crown is tall, the outer branches are dense, the inner chamber is empty, and the fruit is moved outward.

1. Adjust the shape of the tree according to the tree conditions. The large branches that are left as the main and lateral branches but grow too high and too long are retracted in batches.

2. Reasonable thinning of crossed branches and overlapping branches, and thinning of withered branches, disease and insect branches and weak branches.

3. The erect, thick perennial competitive branches growing on the back of the main and lateral branches, dense and without space, sparse from the base, and retracted from the lower branches if there is space on both sides.

4. The bare leg branches and weak lateral branches in the back are retracted to the strong part to promote the strong branches.

5. The drooping fruiting branch group retracts to the robust branch to raise the branch, and the inner chamber branches are too many short fruit branches that are too dense, sparse and stay strong, go straight and stay oblique, go far and stay near. After several years of pruning, it was ventilated and transparent, the total branch quantity and leaf area coefficient tended to be reasonable, and the diseases and insect pests were reduced, from the peripheral results to the internal and external three-dimensional results.

Second, high grafting of flower branches:

In order to increase the fruiting part of the inner chamber and supplement the pollinated pear tree, the high flower branch germinated in the bald part of the backbone branch can be used to graft the flower branch. One-year-old flower branches with sturdy and full buds on pear trees of the same variety or pollinated varieties were selected, leaving 2 or 4 buds, and cut or split grafting was used in early spring. According to the investigation, the highest yield of high-grafted trees in the same year was 13 kg higher than that of non-high-grafted trees.

Disease and pest control of pear trees

3. Disease prevention and pest control:

The main diseases of pear trees are scab, black spot and so on, and the main pests are pear aphid, pear planthopper, heart-eating insect, moth and so on. Thoroughly clear the garden every winter, scrape off the warped skin on the trunk and branches; spray 3-5 Bomite sulfur mixture plus 500-fold pentachlorophenol sodium before sprouting: from germination to fruit ripening, according to the occurrence law of the main diseases and insect pests, spray the mixture of germicidal and insecticidal agents every 10 to 20 days, spraying 4 times 6 times; spraying 1% and 2 times mixture of germicidal and insecticidal agents with long residual period in the later stage of fruit harvest to prevent the outbreak of diseases and pests from causing early defoliation.

Fourth, scientific fertilization:

After fruit harvest in late August, pear trees were treated with 1: 1.5 kg special compound fertilizer for fruit trees. In addition, combined with spraying, after spring shoot leaf expansion, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate were sprayed twice, and from young fruit stage to fruit harvest, potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed with urea.