How to control peanut fruit rot caused by root rot or fruit rot

The rotten fruit of peanut is divided into pathological rotten fruit and physiological rotten fruit, which has occurred in many plots in recent years, and has a tendency to aggravate, affecting the yield and quality of peanut.

Rotten peanut fruit

First, harmful rotten fruit: caused by peanut root rot or fruit rot. It happens to varying degrees every year. The aboveground part of rotten fruit (peanut plant) caused by peanut root rot wilted obviously, and the leaves were yellow and dry, while the aboveground plant part of rotten fruit caused by fruit rot disease did not show disease, which often made farmers ignore the prevention and control, and it was not found until peanut harvest, which affected the yield and quality of peanut.

(1) symptoms: after the formation of peanut pods, light brown disease spots first appear on the pods, which is the main feature of pod rot. The disease spot expanded and connected into one piece, the whole pod surface lost color, with the development of the disease, the fruit shell blackened, tissue separation became worse, rot occurred, the seed coat color became yellow and slightly rusty, and the kernel was no longer enlarged. Pulling out the diseased plant, you can see the black and rotten pods.

(2) the condition of the disease: the disease is caused by fungi, which is mainly caused by bacteria in the soil, and the disease is more serious in rainy years during the podding period; the clayey soil is heavier and the continuous cropping land is heavier.

(3) Prevention and control methods:

1. Soil treatment: before sowing wheat, 50% carbendazim or 70% methyl topiramate is used, and the fine soil is mixed with 50% carbendazim or 70% methyl topiramate with 30-50 kg fine soil per mu. Or use lime 30-40 jin per mu before ploughing. It has a good control effect on peanut fruit rot, root rot and stem rot in the coming year.

2. Seed dressing with fungicide:

(1) carbendazim: spray seeds with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 0.5 kg plus dry fine soil 5 kg, seed dressing 50 kg, no stuffing and sowing, to prevent root rot, stem rot and fruit rot. Or soak the seeds with 0.5% 0.1% of the seed amount mixed with water, and soak the seeds for 24 hours, whichever can be submerged.

(2) Diweidan: 7.5kg peanut seeds were mixed with 20ml Dianweidan EC and 100ml water to prevent root rot, stem rot and fruit rot.

3. Increase the application of calcium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.

Rotten fruit

4. Root irrigation: with 50% carbendazim powder 400 Murray 800 times, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 200 times, 36% trichloroisocyanuric acid wettable powder 1000 times 1500 times, 40% trimethoprim 800 times solution in peanut seedling stage, needle stage (or pod stage) root irrigation or spray, interval 5-7 days, continuous application 2 times 3 times, can reduce peanut root rot, stem rot, fruit rot occurrence.

Second, physiological rotten fruit: caused by physiological diseases: mainly including dry rotten fruit, rainy rotten fruit. Peanut rotten fruit caused by drought or rainy weather factors after entering the podding stage. The rotten fruit caused by drought is more serious in sandy land, the same piece of land is serious in high-lying areas; the rotten fruit caused by heavy rain is more serious in clayey land, and the same piece of land is serious in low-lying areas.

Prevention methods: to prevent and control the physiological rotten fruit of peanuts, it is mainly necessary to achieve reasonable drainage and irrigation, especially timely watering in case of drought in the podding period of sandy land; timely drainage of clayey soil or after rain, and ploughing and loosening soil moisture.