What are the functions of organic fertilizers?

What are the functions of organic fertilizers? Please introduce five main functions of organic fertilizers, listed below for reference: first, organic fertilizers can supply crop nutrients and active substances to improve the intensity of photosynthesis in the process of continuous mineralization of organic fertilizers in the soil, it can not only supply a variety of essential nutrients for crops for a long time, but also supply a variety of active substances, such as amino acids, ribonucleic acid, humic acid and various enzymes. Especially in livestock and poultry manure, the enzyme activity is particularly high, which is tens to hundreds of times of soil enzyme activity, which can not only nourish plants, but also stimulate crop growth, but also enhance soil microbial activities and improve the availability of soil nutrients. In the process of organic fertilizer decomposition, a large amount of CO2 is produced for carbon assimilation of crops, and the intensity of photosynthesis of plants increases linearly with the increase of CO2 within a certain range of CO2 concentration. According to the experiments in Beijing, Fujian and other places, increasing the concentration of CO2 can increase the crop yield by more than 10%. Organic fertilizer is rich in carbon sources, which is of great significance to promote crop growth and increase yield. Second, organic fertilizer can improve soil fertility. Soil organic matter is one of the main indicators to measure the level of soil fertility, is the material basis of soil fertility, and is the material source to replenish and renew soil organic matter. When applying organic fertilizer, (1) constantly replenish the consumed organic fertilizer. Relying on chemical fertilizers alone, the soil structure will be destroyed and consolidated in less than a few years. (2) continuously increase the content of soil organic matter. The content of soil organic matter in most areas of China is relatively low, except that the content of organic matter in the northeast black soil region is relatively high, reaching 2.5%-7.5%, such as less than 1% in North China and Northwest China, and slightly higher in paddy fields in Central and South China. 1.5% 3.5%. In addition, dryland areas rarely reach more than 2%, of which the content of organic matter in cultivated land is less than 0.5%, accounting for 10.6% of the existing arable land in China. (3) constantly renew soil organic matter. The conversion of organic fertilizer to soil organic matter accounts for about 2/3 of the annual formation of soil organic matter, so it can be seen that it is necessary to supplement organic fertilizer in order to renew soil organic matter continuously. It is obvious that it is very important to apply organic fertilizer to improve soil fertility. 3. Organic fertilizer can improve soil physical and chemical properties. After organic fertilizer is introduced into soil, it is decomposed by microorganisms and condensed into new humus, which can combine with clay and calcium ions in soil to form organic-inorganic complex. promote the formation of water-stable aggregate structure in soil, so as to coordinate the contradiction of water, fertilizer, gas and heat in soil. Reduce the soil bulk density, improve the soil adhesion and adhesion, and make the tillage better. Because humus is loose and porous, its adhesion and adhesion is smaller than that of clay and larger than that of sand, so it can not only improve the looseness and ventilation of clayey soil, but also change the loose state of sand. The color of humus is dark, which can improve the heat absorption capacity of soil and improve the thermal condition of soil. Humus is loose and porous and has strong water absorption and storage capacity, which can improve the water retention capacity of soil. The hydroxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups or alcoholic hydroxyl groups of humus molecules can dissociate H + ions in water. The humus is negatively charged, so it can absorb a large number of cations and exchange with the cations in the soil solution, thus improving the fertilizer conservation capacity of the soil. It can be seen from the above that the application of organic fertilizer can effectively fertilize the soil, which is beneficial to high and stable yield. Fourth, organic fertilizer can improve product quality, single application of chemical fertilizer or improper nutrient distribution ratio will reduce product quality. It has been proved that the combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can improve the product quality, such as the protein content in wheat and corn grains. Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer, the quality of combined application was improved, the protein content of wheat was increased by 1%, the gluten content was increased by 2.3%, and the grain total nitrogen was increased by 0.19%. The research of soil and Fertilizer Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences shows that unreasonable and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can significantly increase the content of nitrate in vegetables, especially in the edible part of cabbage, spinach and lettuce, the nitrate is as high as 1000 μ g / g, the highest is 1700 μ g / g, while that in the barnyard manure area is only 200 ~ 500 μ g / g, and the lowest is only dozens of μ g / g. For tomatoes and cauliflower, the content of vitamin C can be increased by 16.6 ~ 20.0 μ g / g by using organic and inorganic fertilizers. 5. Organic fertilizer can reduce environmental pollution. Organic waste contains a large number of bacteria and insect eggs. If it is not treated in time, it will spread germs, increase the concentration of ammonia, nitrate and soluble organic nitrogen in groundwater, and eutrophication of surface and groundwater. Worsen environmental quality, and even endanger the survival of organisms. Therefore, the rational use of these organic fertilizers can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also reduce the investment of chemical fertilizers, killing two birds with one stone. Organic fertilizers can also absorb and chelate toxic metal cations such as copper and lead, increasing the fixation of arsenic. Click to get more organic fertilizer application technology click to get more fertilizer application technology