Prevention and Control of Diseases and insect pests of Fruit trees in Winter

Winter is the dormant period of fruit trees, so the prevention and control of fruit tree diseases and insect pests can not be ignored. Seizing this period can greatly reduce the diseases and insect pests of fruit trees in the coming year and get twice the result with half the effort. In order to improve the control effect, we should understand and master the overwintering forms and places of all kinds of fruit tree diseases and insect pests, seize the winter leisure and kill them.

Control of diseases and insect pests in fruit trees

First, the form and place of overwintering:

Adults generally winter in fruit tree bark seams, warped bark, fallen leaves, weeds and soil; larvae generally overwinter in hidden places such as trunk base, dry skin cracks, cutting mouth, hanging branch rope, etc.; pupae generally winter in the topsoil layer near the root; insect eggs generally winter in bark cracks and trunk residues; pathogens generally winter in litter, weeds, stiff fruits, rough bark and so on.

Second, prevention and control methods:

1. Clean up the orchard. Cleaning up the orchard after fruit harvest, picking up dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, rotten fruit and stiff fruit, taking out the orchard for centralized burning or retting fertilizer far away from the orchard can reduce the number of overwintering pathogens and pests and reduce diseases and insect pests in the coming year.

two。 Dig deep into the orchard. Before the arrival of freezing, the deep turning of 30cm to the orchard can change the overwintering environmental conditions of pests, make them die by freezing, or be eaten by other natural enemies, or smother the surface pests to the depths. At the same time, it can also achieve loose soil, which is conducive to the root growth of fruit trees.

3. Prune. Combined with winter pruning, cutting off insect branches, diseased branches, dead branches and dead branches of fruit trees, taking them out of the orchard and burning them centrally, many kinds of diseases and pests can be eliminated.

4. Scrape the bark in winter. The thick bark, old bark and warped bark on the trunk and main branches of fruit trees are the hibernating places of pests. When shaving, the trunk should be covered with plastic sheeting, scrape off the rough skin, old skin and warped skin with a knife, take it out of the orchard and burn it.

5. Fill in the hole. The rotten holes and cracks in the trunk of fruit trees are also places for pests to survive the winter. before the freezing comes, the rotten holes and cracks are filled with medicine mud, so that the pests die from lack of oxygen. Paste preparation: 10 parts of clay, 3 parts of crude bran, 0.5 parts of lime, 0.5 parts of trichlorfon, mixed with water.

6. Paint it white. The proportion of whitening agent is as follows: 0.5 kg of lime, 0.5 kg of salt, 0.2 kg of animal oil, 0.5 kg of stone sulfur mixture, 0.5 kg of clay and 18 kg of water.

7. Bind the membrane. Tie a circle of plastic film about 20cm at the base of the trunk to prevent pests from climbing up the trunk.

8. Spray. In the garden inside and outside the dense place of weeds, withered branches and leaves in time spraying, the control effect is good. It can be sprayed with 3-5 Baumedo stone-sulfur mixture and 50% carbendazim 100-200 times, which can eliminate some diseases and insects that survive the winter in tree trunks and soil.

9. The bundle is dry. At the beginning of winter, the straw is twisted into a straw handle and tied to the tree trunk. Before the spring fruit tree sprouts, it is untied and taken out of the garden, and the grass is burned, which can destroy the hibernating pests in the grass handle.