Control method of mite, flea, mushroom, mosquito, harmful wart fungus and mushroom with three insects and one disease

The "three insects and one disease" that harm mushrooms are: mites, jumping insects, mushroom mosquitoes, harmful verrucosporidium. The symptoms and control methods of these diseases and insect pests are described as follows.

Mushroom diseases and insect pests

First, mites: in the process of sending bacteria, if the hyphae have the phenomenon of returning bacteria, such as the decrease of mushroom villous hyphae, the increase of simple hyphae, and the bright spots of pink hair on the surface of the hyphae, there are mite heads in the mushroom bed. When there are 3 to 5 mites in the range seen with a magnifying glass, the control target is reached. After covering the soil, the mites will move to the soil surface as the hyphae grow to the soil surface, focusing on the primordium and the base of the mushroom stalk, resulting in bald mushroom roots, aseptic roots and death due to the inability to transport nutrients. At the same time, mites transmit bacteria and viruses, mites are serious, and all kinds of diseases are also serious.

Second, jumping insects: jumping insects are omnivorous insects, growing in the field, greenhouse mushrooms, more jumping insects. The common ones are the gray-and-white horned jumper and the tiny black-horned jumper. Jumping insects feed on the hyphae and also feed on the mushroom body, which often gathers in the bacterial fold or on the mushroom cover, bites the mushroom body, causing the mushroom body to dry up and die. In particular, the black-horned jumping beetle, which has a fine body and a high population density, is easy to cause devastating disasters.

Third, mushroom midge: the autumn when the temperature is gradually decreasing is suitable for mushroom midge and mushroom gall reproduction, especially in the culture material with rich manure and incomplete fermentation, the number of mushroom midge and mushroom gall is large, and the larvae feed on mycelium. Reduced production, such as mushroom mosquito outbreaks, large populations, can also cause devastating disasters.

Fourth, harmful verruca fullness: when the mycelium is in the soil during the period of bacteriocin formation, primordium differentiation and fruiting body growth period can be infected by harmful verrucosporium. After the mushroom body was killed, the mushroom body showed deformity, the mushroom stalk was enlarged, the mushroom cover became smaller, and the white fluffy hyphae became brown, and there were brown liquid or disease spots. After the mushroom body was killed, the yield and quality of mushroom were lost.

5. Integrated disease and pest control:

In the middle and later stage of bacteria development, when the insect population density in the culture material reaches the control index, the pesticide should be used in time, and the pesticide with high efficiency and low toxicity and no harm to mycelium and mushroom should be selected. Mushroom room conditions are good, strong sealing, can be fumigated with aluminum phosphide, 3 pieces per cubic meter (9.9 grams) sealed for 48 hours. Most mushroom houses or greenhouse fields can only be sprayed with insecticides. Pleurotus ostreatus is a biological agent specially used for killing insects and mites of edible fungi, which has the effect of internal absorption and stomach toxic. when insect pests occur in the soil-covering period, they can be mixed with 1000 times of mushroom-regulating water after soil mulching, and the pests in the first tide mushroom growing period should be controlled after the peak of the first tide mushroom. Before treatment, the humidity of the mushroom room stopped watering for 1 to 2 days, so that the agent could be absorbed to the depth of the bacteria bed more quickly and achieve the insecticidal effect.

When mushrooms infected by verrucosporium appear on the mushroom bed, you should stop spraying water for 2-3 days, keep the bed dry, remove diseased mushrooms and burn them in time. After this tide mushroom, immediately spray 1000 times more mushroom abundant fungicide, combined with water supplement, spray once every 3 days, spray 3 times in succession, can effectively control the spread of soil germs, and pay attention to control air humidity and strengthen ventilation.