The experience of lack of management of hardy dairy cows producing less milk and raising dairy cows in winter

Although dairy cows are cold-resistant and not heat-resistant, due to unusually cold winter, dry climate, such as improper feeding and management, coupled with the lack of green feed, it is easy to lead to a decline in milk yield, and even affect the normal growth and development of dairy cows. Summing up many years' experience, we should do a good job in raising dairy cows in winter:

Cow

1. Keep the barn warm against the cold and adjust the humidity of the barn properly:

In winter, the temperature of the barn is generally 8 ℃ 17 min. The temperature is too high, which is disadvantageous to the cows. When the temperature drops below 0 ℃ at night, cows should be driven into the house for the night to prevent frostbite or excessive physical energy consumption. When the cold air invades and the temperature drops suddenly, the rear windows and vents should be blocked in time to keep the enclosure warm. In particular, perinatal cows, newborn calves and high-yield barns should be properly heated to ensure that the temperature of the barn is 15 ℃ and 17 min. In addition, cows should not spend more than 6 hours in the playground during the day, preferably 3 hours in the morning and afternoon.

After the cow enters the barn, pay attention to the ventilation of the barn, the humidity should not be too high, should not exceed 55%. Over-assembly strongly stimulates cows, affects milk production, and in serious cases can be infected with some fungal diseases. At the same time, it is necessary to remove feces and urine in time and keep the enclosure clean and dry.

Second, the feed should be diversified and the food intake should be arranged skillfully:

After entering winter, dairy cows are easily affected by the change of external temperature, so the feed should be adjusted in time and strive for diversification. In terms of concentrate feed, the protein feed remains unchanged, and the corn supply is increased by 20%, thereby increasing the proportion of energy feed; in terms of roughage, it is best to feed silage, microsilage or brewer's grains to replace green and succulent feed in summer and autumn.

The cold days are short and the nights are long. Feed well not only during the day, but also at night, feeding 13ml 15kg of grass a day. Forage grass should be diversified, such as wheat straw, rice straw with green hay, peanut seedlings, alfalfa and so on.

Third, drink warm water:

In winter, tap water and well water are easy to freeze. After drinking, cows often have indigestion and cause digestive tract diseases. Therefore, when drinking water for cows, it is best to heat the water to 15 ℃ 25 min. For example, adding some salt and bean foam to the water will not only enhance the drinking appetite of cattle, but also reduce fire and reduce inflammation.

Fourth, ingenious matching of fine materials, appropriate supplement of trace elements and urea:

Feed concentrate, soft and hard, such as corn, soybeans and other hard materials, wheat bran, powder and other soft materials, mix materials when feeding. At first, feed the grass first. When most of the food is full, add less food. When you are about to eat enough, add more food, and add fragrant ingredients. The forage composition of dairy cows in winter is single, and an appropriate amount of calcium and phosphorus can be added to its feed, which can be fed with 5mur15g per day. Urea can supplement protein and can be fed appropriately. Generally, calves over 6 months old are fed with 30ml 50g / day, young cattle with 70m / d 90g, and adult cows with about 150g / day. However, the palatability of urea is poor, so 1% can be mixed with concentrate and fed with grass, and there is no drinking water within half an hour after feeding.

Cow

Fifth, do a good job of mating:

Dairy cows are usually born in spring in summer and autumn in winter. Breeding in winter can avoid calving in summer, which is conducive to the high yield of dairy cows. Therefore, we should seize the winter to do a good job of breeding, improve the quasi-pregnancy rate, and lay the foundation for the birth and health of newborn calves.

Sixth, clean the body surface of dairy cows and do a good job in epidemic prevention:

Take the cow out to bask in the sun every day. Paying attention to brushing the cow body can not only keep the body surface clean, but also promote skin blood circulation and metabolism, prevent ringworm, help regulate body temperature and enhance disease resistance. Therefore, brush twice a day in the morning and evening, each time 3mur6 minutes, must carefully brush all parts, do not omit. In addition, the dung in the barn should be cleaned frequently, mat dry crushed grass and soil, to prevent cow hoof disease. It is necessary to disinfect the barn and sports ground regularly and give vaccination to find diseases and treat them early to ensure the health of dairy cows and to produce more milk.