Prevention and treatment of frostbite of dairy cows with low temperature for a long time in winter

Dairy cows are susceptible to frostbite in a cold environment for a long time. In cold weather, cows are kept outside or open. Even if they are kept in captivity, if the environment is damp and cold and they are not fed enough, they will also cause frostbite of their limbs, especially the exposed ears, nose, tail and other distal parts, which are more likely to be frostbitten.

cows

Cow frostbite hazard:

Superficial frostbite: After the skin is frozen, the blood vessels are strongly contracted, the tissue is ischemic, and the skin turns blue and purple from pale. Rewarming, vasodilation, skin congestion, burning pain and itching at frostbite site, redness, swelling and hot pain. In severe cases, cows freeze blisters, bubble liquid transparent, severe pain, two or three weeks later, blisters dry up, the formation of dry scab, scab peeling off, new skin cover the wound. Deep frostbite: skin and subcutaneous tissue freeze to death, deep and bone, necrosis and ulceration, blackening and drying, and finally the necrotic part separates from the healthy part, and the necrotic part decays.

Treatment for frostbite:

Superficial frostbite treatment: Superficial frostbite occurs, do not immediately put cows on fire or in hot water soak. Available white wine, pepper coating, several times a day. Or massage the skin with camphor or boric acid alcohol or irradiate it with ultraviolet rays. If it occurs in limbs, folk therapy can be used. Pepper, eggplant stalk, dried ginger, etc. are boiled in 10 times water. When the water temperature drops to 45 degrees, they are soaked in buckets for more than 10 minutes each time, twice a day. If there are blisters, available disinfection needle drain dry, with 30% boric acid local wet compress, dry and then apply 10% sulfur ichthyst, once a day. When there is an ulcer, apply vaseline or lard and wrap it with gauze. Frostbite swelling, can be coated with 1% iodine solution or camphor ointment, iodine glycerin, etc.

Deep frostbite treatment: take early steps to reduce tissue necrosis and prevent infection. When frostbite occurs, rewarm the frozen part as soon as possible, soak the injured limb of the cow in an iron bucket filled with warm water, heat it to 38-42℃ within 5-10 minutes, and slightly raise the frozen part to subside edema. When frostbite is severe and deep, use antibiotics to prevent infection. When frostbite is serious, it can be closed with novacaine to promote the early exfoliation of necrotic tissue and early healing of wounds. When frostbite has infection, remove necrotic tissue, disinfect and treat wound surface.

Cow frostbite prevention:

In cold season, strengthen the protection of cattle body. No matter grazing or sports, apply vaseline, lard, etc. to the terminal parts vulnerable to frostbite, such as ears, breasts, nipples, etc. For lactating and dry cows, it is best to wear a cotton bra, the effect is excellent. When cows go out, they should have appropriate activities to keep warm and activate blood circulation. They should not stand still for a long time.

Set up thermal insulation house to protect cows from winter, do not scatter cattle, reduce heat dissipation of cattle, feed nutritionally balanced complete diet, increase 10% energy and 5% fat feed, feed cows fully, drink warm water, and enhance cold resistance.