sniffles, sneezing, inflammation, duck infectious rhinitis in winter

Duck infectious rhinitis is an acute respiratory disease caused by Haemophilus, which can occur in fattening ducks and laying ducks, resulting in stagnation of duck growth, increase of elimination rate, decrease of egg production, other diseases, and even death due to emaciation and weakness. Heavy economic losses.

Duck

Epidemic situation: the disease often occurs in the cold, comes fiercely, spreads quickly, has high morbidity, falls eggs quickly and has a low mortality rate. Chronic disease ducks and recovered infected ducks are the main sources of infection, ducks of all ages can be infected, but ducks over 4 weeks old are highly susceptible. Breeding ducks and laying ducks are the most susceptible. The disease mostly occurs in adult ducks and has the greatest impact on ducks in the laying period. After the disease is cured in the breeding period, it has little effect on the later egg production.

The cause of the disease: poor ventilation, high ammonia concentration, excessive density of duck house, poor nutrition level, sudden change of temperature and so on can increase the severity of the disease. Mixed infection with other diseases such as chronic respiratory disease, infectious bronchitis and infectious laryngotracheitis can aggravate the course of disease and increase mortality. Mixed culture of ducks of different ages often leads to outbreaks of the disease.

Clinical symptoms: ducks appeared symptoms within 1-5 days after infection, and only thin watery nasal juice and sneezing were seen in the nostrils. With the development of the disease, serous or mucous secretions flow out of the nasal cavity, gradually thickening, and have a bad smell, sneezing, breathing difficulties, sick ducks often shake their heads, and often use claws to scratch the nose beak, mucus dry, yellowish scabs form around the nostrils. The face of the sick duck is inflamed, and the tissue around one or both eyes is swollen, which is severe, causing blindness. The sick duck was in low spirits, lost appetite, gradually lost weight, the egg production of female duck decreased, and the meat beard of male duck was swollen. A few severe cases will develop parahaemophilus meningitis and die with acute neurological symptoms.

Prevention: vaccination is one of the most effective measures to prevent the disease, and rehabilitated ducks with bacteria are the main source of infection. When introducing, ask whether the duck breeding farm has a history of infectious rhinitis, do not buy the offspring of rehabilitated ducks and the grown ducks in the epidemic area, and advocate full entry and exit; for duck farms that have suffered from rhinitis, it is suggested that the duck house and equipment should be cleaned and disinfected, the duck house should be idle for 1-2 weeks, and then raise ducks; if sick ducks are found, they should be strictly isolated and treated, and 0.3% peracetic acid should be used to disinfect the duck house, floor and utensils.

Treatment measures: sulfamethazine was mixed into the feed at the proportion of 0.2% for 3 days, streptomycin was injected intramuscularly with 100 mg, 200 mg per duck, once a day for 3 days, and oxytetracycline was mixed into the feed at the proportion of 0.2% for 3 days. At the same time of treatment, combined with surgical treatment, the effect is better. For example, when sick ducks have only rhinitis and ophthalmitis, they can be washed with 2% boric acid water; if bean curd-like coagulants accumulate in the sinus, they should be cut open with scalpels, clamped out with tweezers, then washed with boric acid water, and finally injected with penicillin eye drops.