Key points of grafting and seedling raising techniques for avoiding soil-borne diseases and high yield eggplant

Grafted eggplant seedlings

1. Seed treatment:

Torubam eggplant was used as rootstock and the seed amount was 10ml / mu and 15g / mu. Because the seeds of Toruba eggplant are dormant and the seeds germinate and emerge slowly, soak the seeds with clear water for 8 hours, soak them with 100 mg / L gibberellin for 24 hours, wash them clean, put them into a gauze bag and germinate at variable temperature. The temperature difference between day and night should be 15 ℃, 25 ℃ 30 min in daytime and 15 ℃ in night. Wash it once a day and sprout in 8 days.

Scion seed, 30ml / mu, 40g. The germination rate should be checked before sowing. Scion eggplant varieties should be sown when two cotyledons of the rootstock are unearthed. Before sowing, soak the seeds in 55 ℃ hot water in warm soup, using 5 times as much water as the seed, stirring continuously, soaking for 15 minutes, and then soaking in 25 ℃ warm water for 8 minutes for 12 hours. Wash off the mucus from the seed coat and promote germination under the condition of 28: 30 ℃.

2. Sowing and raising seedlings:

Tolubam eggplant is difficult to germinate and the emergence of seedlings is uneven, so it is not recommended to use hole plates or nutrition bowls to raise seedlings, but to sow them centrally with trays. Rootstock seedling substrate with high-quality peat, before sowing, mixed with appropriate amount of microbial fertilizer and fungicides, and watered and wet. Humidity to the matrix hand-held into a ball, falling to the ground can be dispersed, finger seams with water but not dripping is appropriate. Lay the substrate at the bottom of the tray, about 1cm thick, evenly sprinkle a layer of treated eggplant seeds, then cover 1cm thick perlite, spray 72.2% Purek water agent 800x solution to prevent seedling diseases. To raise seedlings in winter, plastic film should be covered, but not in summer. When the eggplant rootstock seedlings grow 3 true leaves, divide the seedlings and move the seedlings to the hole plate. From July to August, 50-hole acupoint plate was used, and in October, 72-hole acupoint plate was used.

Scion seedlings can sow seeds directly into the hole plate of commercial seedling substrate, and other operations are the same as cultivating rootstock seedlings.

3. Grafting method:

When the rootstock has 6-7 leaves and the stem is 3-5 mm in diameter, it is the best time for grafting when it has reached semi-Lignification. When the scion has 5 or 6 true leaves, it can be grafted. When Torubam is used as rootstock, scion sowing will be delayed for about 25 days.

The rootstock seedlings should be slightly short of water before grafting, which makes the sap sticky at the cut, which is conducive to the survival of the grafted seedlings. After grafting and rewatering, the sap flow between the rootstock and the scion is accelerated, which is beneficial to the wound healing. Splicing can be used in production.

The rootstock with similar stem diameter was paired with the scion. The rootstock seedling left 2-3 leaves flat-cut from the soil surface 5cm, then cut the deep 1cm-deep cut vertically in the middle of the cut, left 2-3 leaves in the scion seedling, cut off the lower part, and cut it into a wedge from the bottom leaf 5cm, the size of the wedge is equal to that of the rootstock cut. After cutting, immediately insert into the incision of the rootstock, pay attention to align the rootstock and scion epidermis, and then fix it with a grafting clip. When grafting, it should be accurate and rapid, the faster the operation, the higher the survival rate of eggplant. Grafting blades should be sharp and clean. Generally, about 150 eggplants should be grafted on each blade.