Pleurotus ostreatus is a rare product of Lentinus edodes the key technology of cultivating Lentinus edodes

Pleurotus ostreatus is a kind of variant Lentinus edodes with chrysanthemum-shaped and tortoise-back pattern on the surface of the lid, with large flowers, thick meat, short handle, crisp and tender texture and rich fragrance. This paper mainly introduces the key techniques of cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus.

Flower mushroom

1. Strain selection and seasonal arrangement: Pleurotus ostreatus is formed in a specific environment and has no heredity, but as a variety of cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus, it is suitable to use medium-low temperature and medium-late mature strains with large cover, thick meat, short handle and obvious "mushroom tide". In the northern region, it can be planted in both spring and autumn, late-maturing varieties can be used in spring planting, and early-maturing varieties can be used in autumn planting.

2. Mycelium culture: the management of mycelium culture stage affects the success or failure of cultivated flower mushroom, which affects the yield and the speed of mushroom emergence. In the stage of producing bacteria, we should pay attention to several points: 1, the temperature of the culture room is 20 ℃-26 ℃, strictly guard against high temperature, if it is higher than 28 ℃, the air humidity should be less than 70%, so as to avoid miscellaneous bacteria pollution. 2. No light is needed during the mycelium growth, so the germ-producing place is covered with sunshade and the doors and windows are closed. But always open the doors and windows for ventilation to make the indoor air fresh and make the mycelium grow normally. 3. The bacterial bag is turned every 15 minutes and 20 days. When the bag is turned over, the stinging bag is oxygenated.

Third, color conversion period management: color conversion also affects mushroom production, color conversion conditions: room temperature 20 ℃-24 ℃, air humidity 80% Mercer 95%, there is scattered light and enough oxygen, the hyphae with appropriate color conversion should be glossy brown.

Fourth, mushroom period management: 1. Management of young mushroom stage. The normal color-changing bacterial bag is placed on the mushroom shelf, and the moisture content in the bacterial bag is about 55%. After budding, do a few things: the temperature in the ① shed should be 8 ℃-16 ℃, and the air humidity should be 80% Murray 90%. It is not appropriate to remove the shed film during this period, especially in windy days. ② when the diameter of the mushroom buds is larger than 0.5cm, if you don't take off the bag, cut the film around the mushroom stalk with a knife to let the mushroom buds grow freely. Scratching too early, young buds are too small, poor resistance, easy to die, freeze to death or be harmed by high temperature; too late, young mushrooms are squeezed by the film to form deformed mushrooms, so timely scratching is very important. If there are too many buds in a bacterial bag, you should sparse the buds, remove the deformed, overdense and clustered young mushrooms, and leave 5 young mushrooms in each bag, so that the young mushrooms left are evenly spaced, uniform in size and not crowded.

2. The cultivation period of Pleurotus ostreatus. After scratching, the young buds should be cultivated at low temperature for 7 days, so that the young buds can grow slowly. during this period, the greenhouse temperature should be 8 ℃-12 ℃, the air humidity should be 85% Murray and 90%, appropriate scattered light should be given, and the two ends of the mushroom shed should be ventilated. If there is no wind and sunny days and need ventilation, you can uncover the film and let the sun shine directly on the young mushrooms. When the temperature drops below 5 ℃, cover the film in time. In case of windy weather, cover the film tightly and leave only one end for ventilation. The diameter of the mushroom cover reaches 2~2.5cm, the mushroom body is dense and solid, touch the surface of the mushroom cover with your hand, it feels soft and elastic, and you can urge the flower at the right time. If the diameter of mushroom lid is less than 2cm, it is easy to form diced mushroom. It is easy to form strip cracks when it is larger than 2.5cm.

Mushroom management

The method of promoting blossom: ① at room temperature. If the air temperature is 8 ℃-15 ℃, the air humidity is about 70%, and there is no need for heating. Use the natural temperature to promote flowering, cover the film during the day, increase the temperature, and lift the film at night to cool down, causing the cap to crack. ② heating to promote flowering. In winter and spring, the temperature is 0 ℃-12 ℃, which can be warmed up at night to promote flowers. When the weather is clear, remove the plastic film from the shed after 10:00, let the sun shine directly on the young mushrooms, and the breeze blows the young mushrooms, when the surface of the young mushroom lid is dry. Cover the film at about 3 p.m., and check the temperature of the small environment in the shed and the wet viscosity of the young mushroom surface at night. Touch the bacterial lid with your hand, but don't humidify it first when you feel damp. If it is dry, it should be humidified. If it is sticky, it means high humidity. Heating and dehumidification begins at 11 pm-12:00. When heating, it is necessary to leave vents to prevent the greenhouse temperature from exceeding 35 ℃. 3Murray 5 hours later, stop the heating, remove the greenhouse film after sunrise, let the wind blow the sun, after 6 days of continuous stimulation, the mushroom cover surface quickly cracked. The white mushroom flesh is exposed and stimulated once, and the crack deepens to form a high-quality mushroom. ③ steam induced blossom. In the season of low temperature, dry, long drought and no rain, the temperature is below 12 ℃ and the air humidity is below 50%. Steam can be used to promote flowers. That is, close the mushroom shed, direct steam into the shed or directly put basin water on the fire to heat, heating and water at the same time. When the humidity increases to 80%, the steam is stopped immediately, and the bag temperature is usually kept at 25 ℃ for 10 hours.

Flower protection: Lentinus edodes after flowering, in order to enlarge the cover, whiten, thicken the flesh, deepen and widen the cracks, and form mushrooms, it also needs 15 Murray 25 days of fine management. The key is to prevent the humidity in the mushroom shed from rising to more than 70%. Its management requirements are as follows: ① sunny and dry weather, strengthen ventilation and lighting during the day, cover film at night, as long as the humidity does not exceed 70%, there is no need to heat and drain moisture. ② in case of cloudy and rainy days, the external humidity is large, the greenhouse film should be closely covered, and open the dehumidification hole, heating and dehumidification, or sprinkle lime and cinder on the floor of the shed to reduce the air humidity. ③ should strengthen ventilation and keep indoor air fresh.