Diagnosis and remedy of wheat deficiency according to the right medicine for seedling failure

The growth and development of wheat needs a variety of nutrient elements, such as the lack of certain nutrients, the external morphology of wheat seedlings will show corresponding characteristics. Therefore, in production, according to the external symptoms of wheat seedlings, we can look at the disease and prescribe the right medicine.

Wheat deficiency

Nitrogen deficiency: wheat needs a lot of nitrogen for its growth and development. When nitrogen is insufficient, the wheat grows poorly, the stems are short, the tillers are few, the seedlings are thin, erect, the leaves are narrow and short, the stem base leaves turn yellow, the leaf tips dry up, and develop to the upper leaves. Finally, the lower old leaves die ahead of time. Nitrogen-deficient wheat seedlings have poor root growth, small and slender roots and few small grains per ear. Nitrogen deficiency is easy to occur in barren soil. Remedial measures: 7-8 kg urea or 20 kg ammonium bicarbonate or 600-700 kg human feces and urine mixed with water per mu. Foliar spraying can also be carried out with 1: 2% urea solution.

Phosphorus deficiency: when wheat seedlings are phosphorus deficient, the root growth and development is limited, the secondary roots are few, the plants are thin and small, the tillers are few, the leaves are dark green, lack of luster, purplish, the leaf sheath purple is obvious, the symptoms develop from the leaf tip to the base, from the old leaves to the young leaves, the cold resistance is poor, the overwintering seedlings are easy to die, the heading and flowering is delayed, the pollen formation and fertilization are affected, and the grain filling is abnormal, resulting in the decrease of 1000-grain weight, poor quality and low yield. Remedial measures: one is to apply 25,30kg calcium superphosphate with water per mu, and the other is to spray 75kg of water with 150kg 200g potassium dihydrogen nitrate per mu.

Potassium deficiency: wheat lacks potassium, grows slowly, the stem is short, the leaf is dark green or blue-green, soft and drape, the leaf tip and edge are withered and yellow, then turn brown, the vein remains green, the lower old leaves are scorched, and when serious, the whole leaf dies. Root growth is poor, perishable, plant wilting, easy to early senescence and lodging. The spike has few grains, the grain is not full, the maturity is early, the quality is poor and the yield is low. Remedies: (1) topdressing 7-10 kg potassium chloride per mu. (2) apply 100 kg of plant ash per mu. (3) foliar fertilizer was sprayed with 150 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water per mu for 2 or 3 times.

Zinc deficiency: when wheat seedlings are zinc deficient, leaflet disease occurs, the leaf margin is twisted or wrinkled, both sides of the leaf vein change from green to yellow and white, the edge is still green, showing yellow-white-green stripes. If the heading is late, the spike has few grains. Remedial measures: foliar spraying 0.3% 0.4% zinc sulfate solution, every 5-7 days, spraying 2 times 3 times.

Boron deficiency: the most typical symptom of boron deficiency in wheat is "spike but not fruit". The growth period is delayed, sometimes tillering while heading, and the leaf sheath is sometimes purplish brown. Remedial measures: 150 to 200 grams of borax and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers per mu with water, or 50 to 100 grams per mu for foliar spraying of 50 to 60 kilograms of water.

Calcium deficiency: wheat lacks calcium, growth point and stem tip die, wheat is short or clustered, young leaves often do not expand, root system is short, more branches, less root hair, root tip secretes transparent mucus, spherical adhesion to root tip. Calcium-deficient leaves also turn yellow, starting from tender leaves. Remedy: spread lime 50kg to 70kg per mu.