Prevention and treatment of infectious rhinitis in rabbits with sneezing nasal obstruction and poor appetite

Rabbit infectious rhinitis is a chronic respiratory disease and one of the main respiratory infectious diseases in rabbits. the disease occurs in all seasons, especially in winter and spring. Influenza outbreak will aggravate the infection opportunity and degree of the disease and cause harm to rabbit production.

Rabbit

1. Popular situation. The symptoms of rabbit rhinitis are often found in large-scale rabbit farms and professional rabbit-raising households. due to the slow onset of rhinitis, complex etiology and low mortality, diseased rabbits are not treated in time, resulting in large-scale epidemic.

2. Clinical symptoms. The upper respiratory tract of diseased rabbits has mild inflammation and often sneezes. Most of the rhinitis caused by Pasteurella multocida were serous fluid, and then turned into purulent mucous secretions, resulting in severe nasal obstruction, dyspnea and snoring in rabbits. Due to secretion stimulation, diseased rabbits often scratch their nose with front claws, and the rabbit hair around the mouth is moist, dishevelled and shedding. If not treated in time, bacteria move down, enter the bronchi and lungs, grow and reproduce, invade alveoli, produce inflammation, secondary pneumonia and bronchitis and then suppurate, diseased rabbits have difficulty breathing, loss of appetite or waste, until emaciation and death. Viral influenza is easy to make rabbits sick, mainly manifested as cough, nasal itching, sneezing, running nose, cold fear.

3. Pathological changes were examined by dissection. After autopsy, there were a large amount of rhinorrhea in the nasal cavity, and the shape varied with the course of the disease. when the rhinorrhea changed from acute to chronic, the rhinorrhea changed from serous to mucus to abscess, inflammation of the skin around the external nostril, edema of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus, redness of mucosa, and chronic stage, its mucous membrane thickened.

4. prevention and control measures.

4.1 strengthen feeding management. The construction of the rabbit house and the placement of the rabbit cage are reasonable, and the rabbits are not crowded; do a good job of heat preservation in winter to ensure adequate light, ventilation and fresh air, and the amount of feed increases by 20-30% compared with other seasons, and to maintain a high energy level and vitamin content in its nutritional level to enhance rabbit disease resistance; disinfect rabbit houses and cages regularly, keep rabbit houses clean and hygienic, and improve sanitary conditions.

4.2 strict epidemic prevention system. The rabbit farm should be self-breeding and self-rearing, and when it has to be introduced, the imported rabbits should be isolated for a period of time. After the examination is free from disease, the rabbits can be mixed and vaccinated regularly.

4.3 symptomatic treatment. When diseased rabbits are found, the diseased rabbits should be treated by isolation and treatment immediately, and the combination of local and systemic therapy should be taken to cure both the symptoms and the root causes.

4.3.1 for mild rabbits, first cut off the wet hair around the nostrils, use 75% alcohol cotton balls for local cleaning; use chloramphenicol eyedrops nasal drops, once a day in the morning and evening, 3-5 drops each time; intramuscular injection of kanamycin, 1-1.5 ml each time, once in the morning and evening for 3-5 days, the disease is controlled, and the therapeutic effect is obvious.

4.3.2 diseased rabbits with high breeding value can be treated with anti-hemorrhagic septicemia serum, which is injected subcutaneously with 2-3 ml per kilogram of body weight and injected again 8-10 hours later.