The relationship between fattening effect and benefit of beef cattle how to improve the fattening effect of beef cattle

Beef cattle fattening

Breed selection: the nutrients required by non-beef cattle breeds are 10-20% higher than those of beef cattle breeds. The growth rate of purebred beef cattle is not as fast as that of hybrid beef cattle, the growth rate of three-way hybrid beef cattle is better than that of binary hybrid beef cattle, and that of bulls is faster than that of cows.

Age selection: 1-year-old cattle have the fastest growth; 75% of 2-year-old cattle are 1-year-old cattle; 3-year-old cattle are 50% of 2-year-old cattle. In order to meet the requirements of slaughtering weight, although the purchase of calves costs less money, but the feeding time is relatively long, the total consumption of feed is more, the occupancy time of houses and equipment is long, and the capital turnover is slow. In view of the above reasons, in addition to the production of high-grade fresh and tender "little white beef" should choose calves, generally choose 2-3-year-old beef cattle is better. If you choose to eliminate the fattening of cattle in the elderly, you should choose those that are large, healthy and disease-free, and do short-term fattening, and never choose sick cattle.

Barn temperature: temperature affects feed consumption and weight gain of fattening cattle. The suitable temperature of the cowshed is 10-20 ℃. When the average temperature of the barn is lower than 7 ℃, the heat produced by the cattle increases, the feed intake increases, and the feed application efficiency decreases. When the temperature was more than 27 ℃, the body temperature increased, the number of respiration increased, the appetite decreased, and the weight gain was affected. Therefore, pay attention to ventilation in summer and cold prevention in winter, so that the cowshed is warm in winter and cool in summer.

Fattening days: the experiment showed that the fattening effect of beef cattle was the best in 95 days, with a daily gain of 964 grams and a gain of 1 kg of meat, with the lowest feed cost and the highest feed return rate; on the contrary, the longer the fattening time, the more the feed cost of 1 kg weight gain, the lower the feed return rate.

Feed requirements: the protein content in the feed should account for 12%, and the aged fattening cattle should account for more than 10%. If the content is lower than the above content, it will affect the weight gain rate of cattle. The proportion of roughage in cattle diet accounts for 30-40%. At present, the quality of roughage fed to cattle in rural areas is poor, and the digestibility is very low. The palatability, nutrition and digestibility should be improved by means of shortening, silage, ammoniation, saccharification and so on. The fineness of feed crushing affects not only the palatability, feed intake and daily gain of fattening cattle, but also the feed conversion rate and feed cost. Feed can not be crushed too fine, too fine will affect cattle ruminating and digestion, easy to cause food stagnation. Concentrate feed is generally crushed into 2-3 mm.

Try to buy cattle on the spot: when buying beef cattle in other places, the transport density in summer should not be too large, give enough drinking water on the way, and do a good job in preventing heat and cooling. Due to regional differences (climate, feed, etc.), it takes a period of time for cattle purchased from other places to adapt to the new environment, and it usually takes 25-45 days to restore their original body weight. therefore, when buying cattle, when the regional price difference is small, you should not seek far away, so as not to outweigh the gain.

Adding weight increasing agent: at present, "zearalanol" and "rumen hormone" are widely used, which are neither steroids nor hormone drugs. the average weight gain rate is more than 10-20%. The weight gain agent is non-toxic, tasteless, no side effects, no meat residue, safe and reliable.

Deworming, stomach-strengthening and management: beef cattle must be dewormed and stomach-invigorated before fattening. Daily management should keep the bullpen hygienic, do not feed moldy and rotten feed, ensure adequate drinking water, keep the environment quiet, carry out captive breeding and reduce exercise, so as to achieve the ideal weight gain effect.

Timely slaughtering: the fattening period of 2-3-year-old cattle can be divided into two stages, the first stage of growth and development, mainly muscle, bone and internal organs weight gain, the required feed protein content of about 17%, energy feed 2.4 megcal / kg. The weight gain in the later period is mainly fat, which requires that the protein content in the feed accounts for 12%, and the energy feed accounts for 2.7 MCAL / kg. When the fat deposition of fattening beef cattle was to a certain extent, the appetite of fattening beef cattle decreased, the feed conversion rate decreased, and the daily gain decreased. The calves were fattened for 8-10 months, the adult cattle were for 3 months, and the body weight reached 400-600 kg.