Prevention and treatment of vitamin B deficiency in laying ducks with inward curling toe claws

duck

1. Symptoms. Vitamin B deficiency often occurs in ducklings of 2 to 4 weeks of age, mainly manifested as: digestive disorder, slow growth, emaciation, anemia, weakness, unkempt feathers, sparse villi, and severe diarrhea. The characteristic symptoms of the disease: the toes curled inward, the sick duck could not stand up, paralysis could not rise, and the wings spread. Although sick ducks have an appetite, they are often starved to death or trampled to death by healthy ducks because they cannot stand and walk to feed. The egg laying rate and hatching rate of adult ducks with disease decreased significantly. Some ducklings hatched from breeding eggs were small, swollen, with curled toes and claws, few villi and slow yolk absorption.

2. Causes of disease.① Feed is single and vitamin B content is insufficient.② No multivitamin is added to the batch or the added multivitamin is of poor quality.③ improper storage of feed, especially when exposed to sunlight or alkaline substances, vitamin B in feed is destroyed. 4. Long-term feeding of high-fat and low-protein diets increased the demand for vitamin B in ducks. The environmental temperature is not suitable, and the consumption of vitamin B by ducks is greatly increased.

3. Diagnosis. Necropsy revealed: gastric mucosa atrophy, thinning of the stomach wall, large amounts of foamy contents in the intestine; hepatomegaly, containing more fat.

4. Prevention. Vitamin B is a component of many enzymes in duck biological oxidation process. It participates in many nutritional metabolism processes in vivo and has great influence on duck normal growth and reproductive function. In daily management, feed rich in vitamin B should be fed, green feed can be fed more, and some vitamins should be added to the feed. For sick ducks, riboflavin can be added to their diet, the amount of addition is about 20 mg/kg, for a week. For seriously ill ducks, oral riboflavin, ducklings 2 mg per day, adult ducks 5-6 mg. Generally, each kilogram of duckling feed should contain about 3.6 mg riboflavin, 1.8 mg for breeding ducks and 2.2~3.8 mg for breeding ducks.