Requirements for Ecological conditions of Flowers and fruits of pollution-free Cucumber

Cucumber flowers are divided into female flowers and male flowers, and individual flowers are bisexual. Female flower is the basis of yield formation, and the differentiation, quantity and quality of female flower are related to variety and environmental factors. Under the suitable conditions of water and fertilizer, the lower night temperature of 10: 12 ℃ and short sunshine of about 8 hours could promote the differentiation of female flowers, increase the number of female flowers and reduce the node position of female flowers, while excessive night temperature and 12 hours of long sunshine could promote the differentiation of male flowers. Seedling bed not only day and night, artificial extension of light hours, but affect the differentiation of female flowers, resulting in few or no melons in the early stage after planting. Plant hormones can also control the sexual differentiation of cucumber flower buds. Ethephon at a concentration of 150-250 microliters / liter can promote female flower formation, while 0.1%-0.2% gibberellin can promote male flower formation. The cucumber seedling stage in summer and autumn is in the high temperature season, and ethephon with a concentration of 150 ~ 250 microliters / liter can be sprayed at the stage of 4 true leaves to promote the formation of female flowers. The seedling stage in winter and spring can meet the conditions of low temperature at night and short-day sunshine, and it is not necessary to spray ethephon (or Zenggualing), otherwise the female flower will differentiate too much and the melon will be serious in the fruiting stage.

Cucumber has strong parthenocarpy ability, continuous flowering and fruiting period and long fruiting period, and has great potential for high yield. In the fruiting period, six environmental factors (temperature, light, water, air, fertilizer and biology) are required to coordinate and supply timely and appropriately in order to ensure the balanced relationship between seedlings and fruits and achieve the goal of high yield, high quality and high efficiency.

Production usually begins to fertilize and water before and after root melon sitting or root melon harvest. If the water and fertilizer is too early, it is easy to cause crazy seedlings and melons, and too late will affect the fruit expansion. After promoting fruit water and fertilizer, it is necessary to ensure an adequate and uniform supply of water and fertilizer. During the fruiting period, the four stages of temperature change management were 25: 28 ℃ in the morning, 25: 20 ℃ in the afternoon, 18: 15 ℃ in the first midnight (conducive to photosynthesis), 15: 13 ℃ in the second half of the night (reducing respiratory consumption), and the temperature in cloudy days was lower than that in sunny days, and the night temperature was about 10 ℃. If the light is weak, the temperature should be lowered appropriately, and artificial carbon dioxide fertilization during melon fruiting period is beneficial to increase yield and income. During the melon fruiting period, if the environmental factors are not suitable or the disease and insect pests are serious, the plant is easy to senescence or grow too early, the growth of melon strips is slow, and even abnormal fruits such as deformed melon, chemical melon, bitter melon and so on.