Cultivation techniques of lilac

Lilac (Syringra oblata) alias lilac, Oleaceae clove genus.

I. Overview:

With luxuriant branches and leaves, colorful blossoms in mid-spring, gorgeous and chic colors, it is one of the most common ornamental flowers and trees in China. According to the records of Luoyang Flowers and trees written by Zhou Shihou in the Northern Song Dynasty, the history of cultivation in China has been more than 1000 years. The earliest country in Europe to cultivate cloves is Austria, which is more than 400 years later than that in China. Since the 19th century, more than 1000 varieties have been registered in the world. At present, it is one of the most widely used flowers and trees in the northern gardens of our country, and it is called "the tree of happiness". New Hampshire in the United States chose it as the state flower, Sapporo City in Japan as the city flower, Heilongjiang Province in China as the provincial flower, Hohhot, Harbin, Xining and other cities as the city flower.

Second, ecological characteristics:

It is originally from North China. Like a warm, humid and sunny environment. Cold-resistant, semi-overcast, dry air, afraid of stagnant water, strong sprouting ability. The suitable temperature for growth is 1526 ℃, and it can withstand low temperature of-20 ℃ in winter. The soil should be a slightly acidic sandy loam with fertile, loose and well drained soil.

3. Reproductive skills:

1. Sowing: the seeds matured in summer, collected in July, stored in winter and sowed in the following spring. Before sowing, the seeds accumulated at 0: 7 ℃ for 1-2 months. The suitable temperature for germination is 20: 25 ℃, and it can germinate at 15 to 20 days after sowing.

2. Grafting: branch grafting is carried out before sprouting in early spring, rootstocks are commonly used in lobular privet, ash tree or European clove, and bud grafting is carried out from June to July. The survival rate is high.

3. Cuttage: 30 days after anthesis. Cut the sturdy semi-lignified branches of the year, 12 cm long, with 2-3 pairs of buds, and the base of the cuttings were treated with 0.2% indolebutyric acid solution for 10 seconds. It can take root 30-40 days after insertion, and the rooting rate is 80%-90%.

4. Striping: in February or early summer, the delicate branches do not need to be cut, and the high-altitude striping method is adopted. From September to October of that year, the mother plant can be cut off and transplant, and it can blossom in 2-3 years.

Fourth, cultivation skills:

Transplant after falling leaves in autumn and choose places with plenty of sunshine and fertile soil. Keep the soil a little dry during the growing period and pay attention to drainage. Fertilize 2-3 times a year, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer once in winter, prune diseased branches, withered branches and overgrown branches in time to maintain beautiful plant shape. Cutting off inflorescence after anthesis can reduce nutrient consumption and help to blossom more in the following year.

5. Disease and pest control:

There are mainly leaf withering disease and leaf blight, which can be sprayed with 600 times of 70% mancozeb wettable powder. Insect pests are harmful to shell insects and diamondback moths, which are sprayed with 1500 times of dichlorvos EC.