Reasonable selection of Tea varieties in New Tea Garden

The variety selection of the newly-built tea garden is mainly based on the local climate, geographical conditions, tea production, consumption characteristics, enterprise product positioning and tea variety characteristics.

(1) the selected varieties should adapt to local climate and soil conditions.

The characteristics of improved varieties are related to soil conditions, the level of fertilizer management, planting and picking methods and other cultivation conditions. For example, Chaozhou Fenghuang Dancong tea has high yield in low altitude tea areas with better soil fertilizer and cultivation management, but its quality is far lower than that in high mountain and foggy high altitude tea areas. Therefore, when selecting varieties according to local conditions, we must have a comprehensive understanding of the local natural conditions and the characteristics of the varieties in order to avoid blindness.

(2) the selected varieties are suitable for making tea to meet the needs of the market, have high economic benefits, or have unique economic characters.

The economic benefit of tea is finally realized through market sales. Therefore, when selecting tea varieties, we should consider that the suitability of the selected tea varieties should adapt to the local market demand and enterprise product positioning. Generally speaking, the selected varieties should be provincial or national varieties, and have the characteristics of strong growth and breeding ability, strong adaptability, good stress resistance, high yield, high quality and so on. In addition, according to the needs, some unique economic characters of the varieties can be considered, such as high aroma type, low caffeine type, high amino acid type, high tea polyphenols type and furry type.

(3) pay attention to the reasonable collocation of varieties.

The rational collocation of varieties is mainly considered in three aspects. First, pay attention to the reasonable collocation of varieties in the early, middle and late budding stage. There are obvious differences in the germination and mining period of spring tea among different tea varieties, and some of them may even differ by more than one month. Through the reasonable collocation of early, middle and late varieties, it is not only conducive to the peak period of wrong exploitation of tea, alleviate the contradiction of labor shortage, but also make full use of processing plants and machinery and equipment, and reduce idle and waste. More importantly, it can ensure that there are high-grade and high-quality tea products throughout the spring tea period. In general, the matching proportion of early, middle and late varieties is 6:3:1 or 5:3:2. Second, pay attention to the reasonable collocation of different stress-resistant varieties. The reasonable collocation of multi-varieties can increase the biodiversity of tea garden ecosystem and enhance the ability to resist natural disasters. Third, pay attention to the reasonable collocation of different suitable varieties. There are two meanings here, on the one hand, it refers to the reasonable collocation between varieties with different quality characteristics for the same kind of tea. Its significance lies in that it can realize the blending of raw materials and complementary quality advantages among varieties; on the other hand, it refers to the reasonable collocation of different varieties of tea (Xianmao green tea, Shaomiao green tea, oolong tea, black tea). The advantage of this is that each variety has a certain area of tea garden, so multi-tea products can be developed to meet the increasingly diversified market demand for different tea products and improve economic benefits.