Selection of rootstocks for grafted Ponkan seedlings

1. The principle of rootstock selection

First, suitable ecological conditions. That is, the selected rootstocks should be suitable for the ecological conditions of Ponkan growing area. The second is the compatibility between rootstock and scion. In order to ensure the normal growth and development of grafted Ponkan seedlings, early fruiting, high yield, stable yield and high quality, the compatibility of rootstocks and scions must be good, so as to prevent the yield from being affected by compatibility, especially premature senescence. Third, the resistance is strong. The selected rootstock varieties should have excellent characters such as disease and insect resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance and saline-alkali resistance. Fourth, the performance of the nursery is good. That is, the rootstock has the advantages of easy seed collection, large seed collection, convenient reproduction, high seedling emergence rate, seedling rate and high quality seedling rate. Fifth, it is highly polyembryonic. Single embryo varieties and few seed varieties are generally not suitable to be used as rootstocks. The rootstock of Ponkan should be a polyembryonic variety.

2. Suitable rootstocks of Ponkan.

Ponkan can choose trifoliate orange, tangerine, sour orange, red orange, tangerine and mandarin and so on.

Trifoliate orange: the tangerine on the anvil of trifoliate orange has early fruit and high yield, and its crown grows rapidly before fruiting, which lays a good foundation for rapidly entering the high-yield period after putting into production. After putting into production, the crown grows slowly, which provides favorable conditions for dwarfing and dense planting, increasing per unit yield and convenient management. The disadvantage is that the fruit quality is slightly inferior, the fruit is less resistant to storage than the red orange rootstock, and the tree potential is easy to decline after high yield, so it is necessary to strengthen the management and enhance the tree potential.

Fuju: the rootstock has good compatibility, the grafting interface is smooth, there is no obvious boundary, and the plant grows fast. The early yield of the fruit was slightly lower than that of the red orange rootstock, the juice yield and flavor of the fruit were stronger than that of the citrus rootstock, and the slagging property was better than that of the citrus rootstock. The disadvantage is that the early output is on the low side.

Sour orange: the rootstock is compatible, the growth is strong, the crown is tall, the life span is long, the fruit quality is good, the disadvantage is late fruit and high yield, it is the main rootstock of Ponkan in Guangdong and Guangxi.

Hongpi mountain tangerine: similar to sour tangerine, it is the rootstock used in Liangguang mandarin.

Ponkan: the fruit is later than that of Fructus Aurantii, and the high yield is also a little later, but the later yield is higher and the fruit quality is good. Fuju and Ponkan are the traditional rootstocks in Fujian Ponkan producing areas.