An invisible waste in a pig farm

There are too many waste phenomena in pig farms, such as lighting during the day is waste, feed spilled on the ground is waste, long running water is waste, etc. These are visible waste, I talk about some invisible but very serious waste today.

1. Waste of feed

1. Waste of feed formula that does not change with seasons

All year round, the temperature is different, pigs need different nutrition, but now no matter the feed factory recommended formula, or ask experts to design formula, can not be suitable for all seasons of the year. Using high protein formula in winter will cause waste of protein, and using high energy formula in summer will cause waste of energy. If we can adjust the formula in time, so that the whole group feed meat ratio from 3.5 to 3.4, for a ten thousand pig farm, a year can save 10000×90×0.1=90000 kg of feed, equivalent to more than 120,000 yuan.

2. Waste of using high moisture corn without changing the formula

In autumn and winter, pig farmers are often heard to reflect that the quality of premix or concentrate is not good, and pigs do not eat long. As far as I know, the reason for the slow growth of pigs is not caused by the quality of premix or concentrate, but by the excessive moisture content of corn at that time. Due to the low temperature in autumn and winter, the energy requirement of pigs is greater than that in spring and summer, and most of the corn at this time is newly harvested corn, and the moisture content is more than 20%, so the feed mixed with energy deficiency exists. If the formula is not modified and the feeding procedure is fixed, the energy deficiency will definitely occur, which will affect the normal growth of pigs. The solution to this problem is very simple, one is to increase the proportion of corn and increase the feeding amount under the condition that other raw materials remain unchanged; the other is to use wet corn at the same time, with high-energy feeds such as grease, which is suitable for piglet feed or piglet feed with large energy concentration.

3. Waste of feed not processed according to formula

There are several cases, one is processing materials, but said; 2 is the lack of a raw material, easily replaced with other raw materials; 3 is raw materials inferior, such as wet corn instead of dry corn. The above three conditions will destroy the rationality of feed formula and affect feed utilization.

4, mixing uneven waste

Uneven mixing has occurred in many pig farms. It is needless to say that manual mixing, even machine mixing, often occurs unevenly. There are some materials discharged while crushing, and some with insufficient stirring time. The easiest thing to ignore is to add drugs or trace additives to the feed, pour them directly into the mixer without premixing, and add dozens of grams of drugs to the feed, which is difficult to mix evenly.

5. Waste of big pigs eating small pigs

Often encounter piglet eat piglet feed, pig eat piglet feed, pig eat pig feed phenomenon, these will cause feed waste. And more serious is to let the replacement pig eat fattening pig feed, greatly delay the sow estrus time, affect normal breeding. These may not seem important, but if you do the math carefully, you'll be surprised.

II. Waste of drugs

1, inferior waste

Now the drug market is very chaotic, the same product because of different manufacturers, the price difference is many, some even doubled. I have seen oxytetracycline raw powder in the same drugstore price ranging from forty yuan to eighty yuan, the use of different prices of drugs are different effects. Waste here means that using inferior drugs wastes treatment time and our confidence in a drug. If so, we would give up a good drug for a bad one. If the boss into medicine, one-sided pursuit of low prices, a long time, will let the vet no medicine available.

2. Uneven mixing and waste of medicine

This is a question that still haunts me today. Feed and drinking water dosing is a popular method, but there is no one method of mixing that can be accepted by all farms. I have summarized the gradual dilution method and proposed the pyramid mixing method, but in practice few people use it because they find it troublesome. At present, when adding medicine, there are materials mixed on the material truck, ground mixing materials, and mixing materials after adding water. There is no way to mix the feed evenly. Seeing that the medicine is wasted continuously, there is nothing to do. I hope to see a suitable method on the Internet or magazines.

3. Waste of improper use method

This occurs in the following situations: (1) dosing pigs that have refused food. (2) Drugs insoluble in water are administered with drinking water. (3) Prophylactic doses for diseased pigs. The above three cases have no effect or poor effect on treatment, and drug waste is inevitable. Therefore, when using large herds, the condition of pigs should be considered and symptomatic medication should be used.

4. Waste of medicine without disease

The number of pig diseases and the great harm caused by them make pig farmers pale when they talk about diseases. Some people advocate long-term high-dose drug control, and many fields have achieved good results. This method has been accepted by people. But I have a different view of this approach, not only because of the increased cost of large doses of drugs, but more importantly, after long-term high-dose drugs, once discontinued, it may cause disease outbreaks. This also appeared suckling piglet good raise and nurse pig difficult raise, nurse pig raise good but in the growth fattening problem abnormal phenomenon.

5. Waste of antibiotics with attenuated vaccine

Vaccine prevention and drug prevention are both effective measures to control bacterial infectious diseases, but the simultaneous use of both has no good effect. Because attenuated vaccine is still live bacteria, if antibiotics are used at the same time, these vaccines will be killed by antibiotics, and the purpose of stimulating pig immunity will not be achieved. It will not only cause vaccine waste, but also mislead our thinking. Because pigs that have been vaccinated still have this disease.

Waste of pigs

1. Waste of raising invalid male sows

Normal pig farms sow an annual output of 2.2 births, birth live piglets more than 10, each boar should ensure that 20-30 sows breeding, if the pig farm does not meet the above indicators, it is likely to raise a lot of invalid sows. There are mainly the following types of invalid male sows: (1) sows that have not been in estrus for a long time. (2) Sows with repeated mating and repeated return to love. (3) Sows with habitual abortion. (4) Sows kept in gestation houses but not returning to estrus. (5) Sows with low litter size or poor lactation performance. (6) Boars with limb and foot diseases that cannot be used. (7) Boars with low frequency of use. (8) Boars with poor semen quality and low fertility rate. The raising of these male sows, waste of manpower, waste of feed, waste of pens, etc., should be eliminated in time.

2. Waste of fat pigs for too long

This is a phenomenon that occurs in some restricted pig farms. In order to ensure the lean body shape of pigs, pigs are strictly restricted from eating. Pigs that can be sold for 160 days should be raised to 180 days, and some even raised to 200 days. I think this is a serious waste. For every additional day of raising, the pigs will need to be kept for one more day. If one kilogram of feed is needed for maintenance, 20 kilograms of feed will be needed for 20 more days. The cost is more than 30 yuan. For a large-scale pig farm, this amount is very large.

3. Waste of technology

This phenomenon is very common, such as feeding piglets at will without looking at appetite, feeding pregnant sows mechanically without looking at the situation, causing over-fat or underweight, low conception rate and low litter size caused by breeding without looking at the timing, etc. All of this is due to a lack of technology and can only be solved by strengthening technical capabilities.

4. Waste of raising worthless pigs

The worthless pigs are mainly some weak and stiff pigs. The five uncured pigs proposed by Wu Zengjian belong to worthless pigs, such as pigs that cannot be cured, pigs with little economic value after cure, pigs that are time-consuming and time-consuming to treat, pigs with strong infectivity and great harm, pigs with high treatment costs, etc. It is better to eliminate these pigs in time, otherwise manpower, medicine and energy will be wasted, and the final effect will be very small.

IV. Other Waste

1. Waste of people--great talent for small use and small talent for great use

The waste of human beings is also very serious in pig farms. It is personal ability and technology that waste great talents, while small talents waste precious time and pig farms. The irrational phenomenon of layman management in pig farming, which has been discussed for a few years, has not really improved, because the management personnel now lack management skills despite their qualifications in animal husbandry. This is a concrete manifestation of small talents being used for great purposes, because they do not have management skills and waste the ability of other employees.

2. Waste of money-good steel is used on the blade

There is an obvious problem in many pig farms, that is, once pig farming is profitable, a lot of money will be spent on expansion. The scale of pig farms has expanded, but the income of pig farms has not increased or even decreased greatly. So I think that rather than spend limited funds on expansion, it is better to use them to improve the technical content or improve the pigsty facilities, thus increasing the unit output. Dr. Sun said that if raising 600 sows is as profitable as raising 800 sows, should we raise 600 sows or 800 sows?

3. Unplanned waste

Poor planning is common in pig farms, poor capital planning leads to lack of feed and medicine; poor breeding plan, over-concentration of breeding leads to suckling piglets forced to wean early, underweight piglets transferred to growing houses, fattening pigs have to be sold early, reducing pig profits; poor feed planning leads to backlog or shortage, feed formula is often changed, affecting the use effect, etc. The loss caused by this situation is felt by every pig farmer, and we can also call it waste.

4. Waste of information resources

There are many sources of information, newspapers, the Internet, telephone, text messages, etc. If fully utilized, greater benefits will be obtained. Of course, information resources should be timely, available and scientific. I once met a pig farm owner who subjectively concluded that the price of live pigs would rise, resulting in a large backlog of live pigs. However, the price of pigs dropped and the loss of 500 fat pigs amounted to more than $20,000. These losses could have been avoided if timely and accessible information had been available.

The above is only a part of the waste phenomenon, hoping to play the role of throwing bricks to attract jade, so that more waste phenomena can be exposed to attract the attention of pig industry. -------------------------------------- Thank you very much for sharing!----------------- All kinds of waste during feed storage and feeding cannot be ignored--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Very good information. Yes, this is all invisible waste. Please support me. ----------------------------------- The summary is very good. --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- #5 DRJ This is my work from 2003. In addition, the feed to meat ratio is the whole herd, including boar and sow feed; if you remove the amortized 0.5 of the male sow, the feed to meat ratio of the finishing pig is 3:1, which is also a normal data.