Field management of topdressing, disease prevention, undergrowth prevention and premature senescence prevention for high yield of peanut

Peanut field management

First, release seedlings, replant and clear branches in time. When the top crack soil of film-covered peanut seedlings is green, the soil (pile) above the sowing line is removed to the furrow to expose the cotyledon node. If it cannot be unearthed by breaking the membrane automatically, it is necessary to break the membrane manually and release seedlings. After the seedlings are complete, the seedlings should be checked in time, and those with continuous lack of holes of more than 2 piers should speed up the budding and replanting. From the rosette stage (the main stem has 4 compound leaves), the lateral branches buried under the film should be checked and picked in time to make them grow healthily and be carried out 2 or 3 times before flowering.

Second, timely drainage and irrigation to prevent drought and waterlogging. Spring and summer peanuts sown with sufficient moisture generally do not need watering at seedling stage. Proper drought can promote root development and improve the ability of drought and waterlogging resistance of peanuts. Drought occurs in the seedling stage of wheat interplanting peanut, so it is necessary to water the seedling in time. The middle growth stage (flowering needle stage and podding stage) is the period when peanuts are most sensitive to water and need the most water. When peanut leaves wither around noon, they should be watered in time. In case of drought in the late growth period (full fruit period), it is necessary to timely light irrigation and moistening irrigation to prevent premature senescence of peanuts and aflatoxin pollution. In addition, the peanut field should make the three ditches unobstructed without waterlogging damage.

Third, timely ploughing, topdressing and weeding. After wheat harvest, wheat interplanting peanuts should be ploughed in time to kill stubble and weed. Need to fertilize the land, open trenches on one side of the plant, then cover the soil and water, suitable for soil moisture for mid-ploughing. When peanuts are close to sealing ridges, cultivate soil through trenches between two rows of peanuts, so as to make more peanut needles go into the soil and bear fruit.

Fourth, timely prevention and control of diseases and pests. When the rate of diseased leaves of peanuts reached 10%, fungicides such as 1500 times of 60% Baitai wettable powder, 1500 times of methyl topiramate, 43% tebuconazole and other fungicides were sprayed alternately for 2 times with an interval of 10 days. Control leaf spot, net spot and so on. Root-knot nematode disease can be controlled by 1000-fold solution of 1.8% avermectin EC. 1.8% avermectin EC 2000 × 3000 or 40% phoxim EC 1000 / 1500 times were sprayed on leaves to control pests such as Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura in summer season.

Fifth, the appropriate period of early control, anti-apprenticeship. When the main stem of peanut is as high as 30~35cm (general field) or 35~40cm (high yield field), 5% uniconazole 40g 50g wettable powder (active ingredient 2 ~ 2.5g) is used per mu, water 35~40kg is added, foliar surface is sprayed, such as the main stem is superior to 45cm, it can be sprayed again to improve the seed setting rate and full fruit rate.

Sixth, extra-root topdressing to prevent premature senility. After entering the full fruit period, it is necessary to prevent premature senility. The mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 120g 150g + urea 350g 400g 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 70g 80g was sprayed twice at intervals of 10 to 15 days per mu to prolong the functional period of the parietal leaf of peanut.