High-yield cultivation techniques of seed selection and sowing Field Management for topdressing Coix seed

Coix seed cultivation

1. Selection of land, land preparation: the growth of coix seed on the soil requirements are not strict, in addition to heavy clay soil, general soil, can be planted, but sunny, convenient irrigation sandy loam best. Coix seed has strong tolerance to salt and moisture in saline-alkali land and swamp, so it can also be planted on both sides of seashore, lake, river and irrigation canal. Avoid continuous cropping, the previous crop to leguminous crops, cotton, potato, etc. is appropriate. Before soil preparation, 3000 kg farm manure was applied per mu as base fertilizer. Deep ploughing, fine harrowing, leveling, except for small areas, generally do not have to make a ridge, but around should open a good drainage ditch.

2. Seed treatment: In order to promote seed germination and prevent smut, seeds should be treated before sowing, as follows.

(1) Soak in 5% lime water or 1:1:100 times Bordeaux solution for 24-48 hours, and then wash with clean water;(2) Soak in warm water at 60℃ for 30 minutes;(3) Dressing seeds with 0.5 kg of 75% quintozene for 100 kg.

3. Sowing: The sowing date varies according to the variety of coix seed, generally in March to May, early maturing seeds can be sown early, and late maturing seeds can be sown late.

(1) Field direct seeding, on-demand or drill seeding. The plant spacing varies according to the variety of coix seed. The early-maturing seed can be dense, and the late-maturing seed can be sparse, generally 25-40cm×30-50cm. Sow 4-5 coix seeds per hole, sow deeply 3 cm, cover with fire ash soil, and pour dilute dung water, and use 4-5 kg per mu.

(2) Seedling transplanting. After 30-40 days, when the seedling height is 12-15cm, it can be transplanted. The row spacing of plants is the same. 2-3 seedlings are planted in each hole. After planting, dilute manure water is poured. The seed amount per mu is 30-40 kg. The seedlings can be transplanted about 10000 square meters.

4. Field management:

(1) Thinning and replenishing seedlings: When the coix seedlings have 3-4 true leaves, thinning and replenishing seedlings are carried out, leaving 2-3 strong seedlings in each hole. The seedlings were thinned according to the plant spacing of 3-6cm. 5-6 When the leaves are true, the seedlings are determined according to the plant spacing of 12-15cm.

(2) Intertillage and weeding: three times. The first time when the seedling height is 5-10cm, shallow hoe; the second time when the seedling height is 20cm; the third time when the seedling height is 30cm, combined with fertilization and soil cultivation.

(3) Topdressing: also divided into 3 times. For the first time, when the seedling height is 5-10cm, 2000 kg of manure water is applied per mu; for the second time, when the seedling height is 30cm or booting, 3000 kg of manure water is applied per mu; and for the third time, 2% calcium superphosphate solution is used for topdressing.

(4) Irrigation and drainage: sufficient water should be ensured at seedling stage, ear stage, flowering stage and filling stage. In case of drought, timely watering in the evening to keep the soil moist, after rain or furrow irrigation, to remove the furrow ponding.

(5) Remove foot leaves: After jointing, remove invalid tillers and old leaves below the first branch to facilitate ventilation and light transmission.

(6) Artificial pollination: When the flowering period is 10-12, use rope and other tools to vibrate the coix seed to make the pollen fly, which can improve the seed setting rate.

5. Pest control:

(1) Smut: also known as smut, serious damage, high incidence. Control method: Coix seed strict treatment, rotation, found diseased plants, immediately removed and burned.

(2) Leaf blight: frequent in rainy season, damaging leaves. Control method: At the early stage of disease, spray Bordeaux mixture (1:1:100) or Zineb 65% WP 500 times.