Pepper taboo chlorine is sensitive to ammonia how to fertilize pepper scientifically

Pepper taboo chlorine, sensitive to ammonia, is an unlimited growth crop, while budding, while blooming, while bearing fruit. The growth period of pepper is long, but the root system is underdeveloped, the root quantity is small, and the soil is shallow. In the whole process of growth and development of pepper, vegetative growth and reproductive growth promote each other and make special arrangements with each other. According to the growth characteristics and cultivation management of pepper, it can be divided into germination stage, seedling stage, flowering and fruit setting stage and fruiting stage.

Topdressing of hot pepper

First, the characteristics of fertilizer demand:

(1) the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Pepper likes to be fertile, afraid of nitrogen and barren soil fertility, strong fertility tolerance, more fertilizer absorption. The growth and development of hot pepper requires sufficient nitrogen and potassium, but relatively little phosphorus, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 0.3 and 1.4. According to the characteristics of large fertilizer absorption and long growth period of hot pepper, it takes about N 5.19-5.80 kg, P2O5 0.58 6.46-7.40kg 1.10 kg and K 2O 6.46-7.40kg per production of pepper.

(2) the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different growth stages. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by pepper varies with the growth period of pepper. Pepper absorbs about 16% of the total nutrients from emergence to budding; the period from early flowering to fruiting is the peak period for vegetative and reproductive growth of pepper, and absorbs the most nutrients and nitrogen, accounting for about 34% of the total; from flowering to maturity, pepper has weak vegetative growth and strong reproductive growth, and requires the most phosphorus and potassium, accounting for about 50% of the total.

Second, scientific fertilization: ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium chloride and other fertilizers are prohibited for chili peppers. Chemical fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium must be applied together on the basis of insisting on the application of organic fertilizer. On the basis of sufficient base fertilizer, the basic fertilizer is mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the topdressing is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, which is light in the front and heavy in the second, and is applied in seedling stage, early flowering stage and expansion stage respectively. 10% of the total topdressing fertilizer was used as seedling fertilizer at seedling stage, 20% as flower fertilizer at early flowering stage, and 70% as fruit fertilizer at expansion stage. The application amount of the three elements in the whole growth period is N:P2O5:K2O=35:10:40.

(1) apply organic fertilizer. During the whole growth period of pepper, the amount of fertilizer applied per mu was 3000 kg per mu of rotten fine organic compost, which was applied as base fertilizer at one time during soil preparation.

(2) reasonably determine the application amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. During the whole growth period of pepper, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied per mu was pure nitrogen (N) 30 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 8 37-40kg 10 kg, potassium (K2O) 10 kg / mu. Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer were used as base fertilizer at one time, and nitrogen fertilizer was applied as topdressing fertilizer in three times. 10% of the total topdressing fertilizer was used as seedling fertilizer at seedling stage, 20% as flower fertilizer at early flowering stage, and 70% as fruit fertilizer at expansion stage. However, there should not be too much nitrogen and potassium in the seedling stage, so as to avoid vigorous growth of branches and leaves, delay flower bud differentiation and fruit, and affect reproductive growth. 1. Base fertilizer. Before transplanting, calcium superphosphate 50 kg and potassium sulfate 75-80kg were used as bottom pond fertilizer per mu. 2. Topdressing. Urea 75.6-76kg was applied three times per mu. 15 days after planting, urea 6.52-7.6kg mixed with water was used as seedling fertilizer per mu, urea 13.04-15.2kg mixed with water per mu was used as the second topdressing fertilizer per mu at the early flowering stage, and urea 45.64-53.2kg mixed with water was applied as the third topdressing fertilizer per mu at the expansion stage.

(3) targeted application of micro-fertilizer. According to the growth characteristics and fertilizer demand characteristics of hot pepper, zinc fertilizer should be supplemented, zinc sulfate 1-2kg per mu should be used as base fertilizer, soil application or water irrigation at seedling stage.

(4) acidic fields should be properly applied with lime. The application of lime can adjust soil pH, supplement calcium fertilizer, play the role of disinfection and sterilization, so as to facilitate the normal growth and development of pepper and increase the yield. Before transplanting, combined with the whole field, one-time application of lime powder 66.7kg per mu.

(5) spraying foliar fertilizer. The pepper needs to replenish potassium in time to the fruiting period, and quickly replenish nutrition through foliar spraying. 0.2% KH2PO4 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves at flowering and fruiting stages, once every 7 minutes and 3 times in a row.