Scientific fertilization Technology of Organic Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer as Auxiliary Waxberry

The fertilizer of red bayberry is mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, limited use of chemical fertilizer is allowed, and balanced fertilization is carried out according to the law of fertilizer demand, soil fertilizer supply and fertilizer effect of red bayberry, so as to maintain the soil nutrient balance and improve the fertility of red bayberry orchard to the maximum extent. reduce the pollution of bayberry and the environment caused by excessive loss of fertilizer components. Red bayberry has a low demand for phosphate fertilizer, but insufficient or excessive application will lead to adverse consequences. Too much, resulting in excessive results in a certain year, deformed, stiff and cracked bayberry, sour taste, poor coloring and so on. However, phosphorus is an indispensable element for root growth, crown expansion and flower bud differentiation, which can be applied every other year. Therefore, red bayberry needs a large amount of nitrogen and potassium, but after application, it is easy to lose, it is best to apply it year after year.

Red bayberry fertilization

1. Types of fertilizers:

Farm fertilizer: plant ash, rapeseed cake, pig, cattle and sheep fertilizer, poultry fertilizer, etc.; chemical fertilizer: potassium sulfate, imported compound fertilizer (that is, compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate), calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, urea, ammonium carbonate, etc. Trace element fertilizers: borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate (agricultural), potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc. Red bayberry organic special fertilizer.

2. Fertilization period:

Young trees. (1) Base fertilizer: from October to the middle of November, it promoted the safe overwintering of red bayberry, the growth of root system and the sprouting of spring shoot in the following year. (2) topdressing: after applying sufficient basal fertilizer before seedling planting, germination began from March to July, once a month to the third year; (3) extra-root topdressing: insufficient fertilization in the rhizosphere during the whole growing period.

The result tree. (1) Base fertilizer: from October to mid-November, promote the safe overwintering of red bayberry, promote root growth, advance spring shoot germination and further flower bud differentiation, supplement the nutritional requirements of spring bayberry blossom and fruiting and shoot sprouting. (2) topdressing: ① pre-flowering fertilizer: from late January to mid-February, the aim is to promote the emergence of red bayberry spring shoots and supplement the nutritional needs of red bayberry spring shoot germination and flowering and fruiting, with emphasis on big year trees, trees with weak growth and many flower buds, but no or less application to young trees, strong growth trees and few flower buds. ② strong fruit to promote shoot fertilizer: late April to early May. The aim is to promote the ripening of spring shoots and the rapid hypertrophy of bayberry in that year. ③ postharvest fertilizer: from late June to July. The purpose is to supplement the nutritional deficiency of postharvest trees, resist high temperature and drought, and promote summer shoot emergence and flower bud differentiation, which is especially important for varieties such as "Dongkui" which are mainly based on summer shoot fruit. However, young trees, spring shoots with more and more prosperous trees can not be applied or less. (3) extra-root topdressing: supplement the insufficient fertilization in the rhizosphere during the whole growing period except the mature period of Myrica rubra in June.

Third, the amount of fertilization:

Before planting seedlings, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: apply 25kg fertilizer or garbage fertilizer, or 3kg rotten hot cake fertilizer + 10~15kg coke mud ash and 0.5kg superphosphate in each hole.

Young trees. (1) Base fertilizer: accounts for 70% of the annual fertilizer application, generally, 5kg column fertilizer and coke mud ash 7.5kg can be applied to trees, and the annual dosage increases with the increase of tree age, until the first fruit tree, 12.5kg column fertilizer + coke mud ash 20kg; (2) topdressing: each 0.05~0.1kg urea or compound fertilizer increases with the age of the tree, each time increases until the third year. (3) extra-root topdressing: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% urea.

The result tree. Take the bayberry tree that produces 50kg as an example, (1) Base fertilizer: accounts for 70% of the annual fertilizer application, and the plant is treated with 12.5kg fertilizer or 25kg compost plus 4-6kg cake fertilizer or 25kg coke ash. (2) topdressing: ① pre-flowering fertilizer: 15~20kg coke mud ash or potassium sulfate 0.5~1kg was applied to the plant. ② strong fruit promoting shoot fertilizer: 1~3kg potassium sulfate or coke ash 25kg was applied to the plant. ③ postharvest fertilizer: plant application 0.5~1kg imported potassium sulfate compound fertilizer or 1~3kg potassium sulfate or urea 0.5kg + potassium sulfate 1kg. (3) extra-root topdressing: from March to April, 0.2% borax twice, florescence 0.01% 0.02% molybdate amine; in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% urea are added each time (urea: growing strong trees, can be added or not).

4. Fertilization methods:

The root system of red bayberry is shallow, and the main root is not obvious. 70% to 90% of the root system is distributed in 0~60cm, with 5~40cm being the most; the horizontal distribution of root system is 1-2 times of crown diameter. According to the root distribution characteristics of red bayberry, it is better to apply fertilizer at the depth of 20~40cm and the position of fertilization near the crown dripping line. Young trees, taking the trunk as the center, apply fertilizer in the shape of a disk, the size of the disk is similar to that of the crown, the inside is shallow and the outside is deep, and the depth is about 20~30cm. It can also be fertilized with an annular ditch near the crown drip line. Adult trees, which can be applied with grooves, annular grooves or burrows, are also located near the crown dripping line, deep 2O~40cm. Fence compost and compost should be deep, chemical fertilizer can be shallow, cover soil after application, and chemical fertilizer can also be applied on rainy days. Combined with turning the soil in winter, the whole garden can be sprinkled with fertilizer and buried in the soil.