The feeding blind area of dairy cows affects the high yield of dairy cows needs standardized management.

At present, some dairy farmers still have blind areas for dairy cattle feeding, especially for high-yield dairy cows, lack of standardization. Correct feeding can maintain the health of high-yield dairy cows, prolong the utilization life, give full play to the milk production performance of dairy cows, reduce feeding costs and increase economic benefits. The following are some operating rules for reference on the dietary feed supply of high-yield dairy cows.

cows

1. Dairy cows should control concentrate feeding during dry period, and the diet should be mainly coarse feed, but excessive alfalfa hay and silage corn should not be fed. At the same time, minerals and salt should be fed to ensure that a certain amount of long hay is fed.

2. Cows must be carefully raised during perinatal period. 2 weeks before parturition, concentrate was gradually increased, but the maximum feeding amount should not exceed 1% of body weight. Beet residue forbidden to feed, other dregs feed appropriately reduced. 1-2 days after delivery should be fed digestible feed, 40-60 grams of sodium sulfate, free intake of high-quality forage, appropriate control of salt, do not let cattle drink cold water. 3-4 days after delivery, concentrate can be gradually increased by 0.5-0.8 kg per day, silage, root feeding amount must be controlled. After 2 weeks of parturition, dairy cows can be fed with standard diet, silage and root tuber feed gradually, but excessive intake of residue, root tuber and digestive disorder should be prevented under the condition of clean lochia discharge, disappearance of breast physiological swelling, good appetite and normal digestion.

3. Dairy cows must be fed high-energy feed during the peak lactation period to keep high-yield cows with good appetite. Eat as much dry matter and concentrate as possible, but not too much. Increase feeding frequency appropriately, feed more feed with good quality and strong palatability. During peak lactation, hay and silage should be eaten ad libitum.

4. In the middle and late lactation, the energy and protein content in the diet should be gradually reduced; in the late lactation period, the concentrate can be appropriately increased, but the cow should be prevented from being overweight.

5. The first pregnant cow is transferred to the adult cow herd 2-3 months before parturition, and fed according to the nutritional level of the adult cow during the dry period. After delivery, the feeding amount should be increased by 20% to maintain nutritional requirements, and by 10% for the second birth.

6. Feed supply should be balanced and stable throughout the year, winter and summer rations should not be too different, and feed should be reasonably matched. The recommended maximum feeding amount of all kinds of feeds when combined with the diet: green hay 10 kg (not less than 3 kg), silage 25 kg, grass 50 kg (young and high-quality grass can be appropriately increased), distiller's grains 10 kg (distiller's grains not more than 5 kg), roots, tubers and melons 10 kg, corn, barley, oats, bean cakes 4 kg each, wheat bran 3 kg, beans 1 kg.

7, lactation peak period, daily milk production is higher or in a special stage (dry milk, late pregnancy) cows, there should be obvious signs, in order to treat differently feeding. Feeding must be regular and quantitative, feeding 3-4 times a day, feed recommended concentrate, coarse alternate feeding many times, and in the playground set up a feeding trough for cows to eat freely. In the feeding process, should feed less frequently add, prevent overfeeding concentrate and dregs feed.

8, summer diet should be appropriately increased nutrient concentration, ensure adequate supply of drinking water, reduce the crude fiber content of feed, increase the proportion of concentrate and protein, and feed roots, tubers, melons feed; winter diet nutrition should be rich, to increase energy feed, drinking water temperature maintained at 12-16℃, cows do not drink cold water.