How to reduce Tomato yield by falling Flower and Fruit how to help Tomato protect Flower and Fruit

Strengthen tomato cultivation management measures: First, strengthen the management of temperature, light, water and nutrition during the flower bud differentiation of tomato seedlings, and cultivate strong seedlings. The second is to reduce root injury and speed up seedling slowing when dividing seedlings and planting. Third, after planting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, avoid excessive or insufficient nitrogen fertilizer, timely pruning, branching, topping, prevent tomato from excessive growth, and prevent flowers and fruits from falling.

Tomato pruning

1. Temperature and light regulation:

During the period of tomato fruiting, the flowering temperature should be controlled well. The daytime temperature is about 28℃, not exceeding 34℃, and the night temperature is about 20℃, not exceeding 22℃. In order to protect flowers and fruits, 2,4-D or anti-drop element can be used to reduce anther concentration. If 2,4-D is used, the appropriate concentration is 15mg/kg; if anti-falling element is used, the appropriate concentration is 25mg/kg. Be careful not to apply the solution to the heart leaves and tender stems to prevent hormone poisoning. Sunshade net is beneficial to tomato fruit preservation in summer. However, in the morning and evening, the temperature in the shed is suitable for tomato growth, and the sunlight intensity is not strong, which is suitable for tomato flowering and fruit setting, so do not cover the sunshade net during these two periods.

II. Fertilizer and water management:

First of all, to reduce the temperature and humidity in the shed and enlarge the temperature difference between day and night, we can adopt the methods of shading net, increasing bottom wind emission and watering frequently with small water; secondly, we should control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the amount of potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer during tomato flowering and fruit setting, and reduce or even not apply nitrogen fertilizer at the same time. Potassium sulfate fertilizer and Jubao boron are applied, or high-energy potassium boron or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with Jubao boron or 1200 times of boron can be sprayed on leaves. Thirdly, the leaves can be sprayed with 750 times of auxin or 1500 times of chlormequat to control the growth and improve the fruit setting rate.

During the flowering period, the soil moisture content should be kept at about 75%, and timely ventilation and moisture removal should be carried out to reduce the air humidity and keep the air relative humidity at about 60%. Pay attention to small water frequently irrigation, not flood irrigation, otherwise easy to cause yellow leaves and other physiological diseases.

3. Plant adjustment:

Single stem pruning or double stem pruning can be used for tomato without self-capping type. Take a single pruning, about 7 ears per plant fruit. The first panicle leaves 3 fruits; the second to fifth panicles leave 3-4 fruits per panicle, and the excess is removed. Timely erase lateral buds, timely thinning flowers and fruits, keep fruit large and uniform. Generally, 5-6 fruits are reserved for each panicle. When the tomato fruit grows to about 2cm in diameter, the abnormal fruit and diseased fruit are removed and 4-5 fruits are reserved. However, the first few ears of tomato fruit should not be cut too much fruit, in case of concentrated nutrient supply tomato expansion, resulting in serious upper flower drop.

4. Hormone regulation:

Timely use of 2,4-D, tomato spirit and other effective hormone agents, summer and autumn to prevent high temperature flower drop. The suitable concentration of tomatirine was 26 mg/kg, and the suitable concentration of 2,4-D was 10-20 mg/kg. High temperature season dip flower or spray flower, the concentration can be slightly lower, vice versa can be slightly higher. However, 2,4-D is laborious, delicate, and easy to remain toxic, and the residual toxicity is also large, so Tomato Ling is often used. Spray inflorescences evenly from inside out with a small sprayer. Try to avoid touching the tender shoots and leaves of tomatoes to avoid phytotoxicity.

V. Disease and pest control:

Early blight, gray mold, canker disease, streak virus disease, etc. are the main diseases of tomato flowers and fruits. It is suggested to do a good job of chemical prevention. Early blight and gray mold belong to fungal diseases and should be prevented with chlorothalonil, thiophanate methyl or carbendazim. Canker disease belongs to bacterial diseases and should be prevented with agricultural streptomycin or copper preparations (DT, copper). To prevent virus diseases, morpholine·copper acetate (virus A)+ Ningnanmycin can be sprayed, and attention should be paid to the application of imidacloprid or acetaminophen to control whiteflies and aphids.