Garden cleaning techniques of diseases and insect pests propagating and infecting new bud vineyards in spring

Although grape diseases and insect pests can not cause harm in early spring, they will strengthen reproduction activities and be ready for the first infection during grape sprouting. Therefore, early spring grapes mainly do a good job in the following management:

Grape binding vine

1. Tie the vine on the shelf. When binding the vine, first make the branches evenly distributed on the shelf surface, the distance between the branches and vines remain roughly equal, generally the same side 20~25cm. In order to avoid branch intersection, overlap, dense squeeze. When binding, to leave room for the growth of grape branches, but also to firmly adhere to the frame, the use of cross-shaped binding. It is best to use soft materials that are not easy to hurt trees, such as cloth strips, straw, hemp rope, corn husks and so on.

two。 Clear the garden and disinfect. After the work of binding vines on the shelves is completed, the old rough skin on the rough branches of grapes should be scraped off in time, and all the weeds, withered branches, dried leaves and debris left on the wire binding new shoots should be removed from the garden, burned or buried deeply. When the grape winter buds sprouted, the whole garden was thoroughly cleared by spraying medicine. The medicament was gold helmet 52.5% chlorpyrifos cypermethrin EC 800x + Dingsheng tornado 25% dimethoate wettable powder 2000 times + Dingjia 10% difenoconazole or 70% Renotol 1000 times mixture. 3-5 Baumedo stone sulfur mixture can also be used to remove germs and pests overwintering in the vineyard. The spray should be comprehensive and thorough, including trees, ground, posts, wire and so on.

3. Fertilize and water before sprouting. After ploughing to preserve soil moisture and clear the garden, when the grape bud eyes begin to expand, the scales break, and the fluff is exposed, fertilizer should be applied and irrigated immediately after fertilization. The aim is to ensure the normal germination of bud eyes and the growth of new shoots. General mu application of soil fertilizer, ring fertilizer, chicken manure and other organic fertilizer, mixed with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Mature grapevines are generally mixed with 50kg 100kg organic fertilizer plus 0.5kg urea, or 15kg diammonium phosphate, ditch or hole application, deep 15cm. After the soil is loose, ploughing the orchard once, the depth of 5~10cm is appropriate, and rake flat after ploughing.

4. Mulch under the tree to increase temperature and preserve soil moisture. After fertilizing and irrigating, the grapes should be covered with black plastic film under the tree if possible. Plastic film mulching has many advantages: first, it can increase soil temperature, promote root growth, absorb more nutrients, which is conducive to flowering and fruiting; secondly, it can reduce soil surface water evaporation, keep soil moist, and is conducive to grape fruit development and expansion; third, it can inhibit the growth of weeds, reduce nutrient consumption, reduce humidity in the garden, and reduce diseases and insect pests. Before mulching, the tree plate should be trimmed and pay attention to the low inside and high outside. When covering the film, it is compacted with soil all around.