Enjoy the good fruit and taste the planting points of potted cherries

Potted cherries can be regarded as miniature cherry orchards, which can be viewed with flowers and fruits, and can be enjoyed with good fruit. In recent years, with the improvement of potted technology, potted cherries are gradually entering the balconies and courtyards of thousands of households.

Cherry pot

1. Variety selection: Cherry is a cross-pollinated fruit tree. In the process of potting, we should pay attention to variety matching, and it is appropriate to graft 2-3 varieties per pot. Cherry varieties with large fruit size, gorgeous color and strong ability of continuous fruiting should be selected for upper pot cherry.

2 . Cherry pot: Container selection: The container should match the cherry seedling size. 1~2 years old cherry seedlings should be selected along the mouth diameter of 25~30cm containers. The container has good air permeability and no toxic effect on roots. Practice has proved that the best effect is in plain burning pots and wooden barrels, followed by purple sand pots and plastic pots, and the worst is in enamel, with the lowest survival rate. Nutrient soil preparation: cherry root respiration exuberant, oxygen consumption. Soil permeability should be high. Nutrient soil allocation: turf soil: manure: sand =5∶3∶2. Seedling selection: robust growth, full branches and buds, developed roots, no pests. Perennial small trees require short stem, reasonable distribution of branches, large taper between branches. Upper basin: mostly in early spring, before the upper basin, first trim damaged roots, branches, exposing new stubble; cut off parts with diseases and insect pests. Second, check the container drain holes to keep the container drained. The method of putting on the pot: put a tile upside down on the drain hole, then lay about 20cm of furnace ash, load nutrient soil, finally put seedlings, after 2~3 times of seedling lifting and soil pressing, the final soil surface is about 5 cm away from the container mouth.

3. Fertilizer and water management: Fertilizer and water is the most difficult to master in potted plants. Cherry growth, flowering, fruiting and other physiological activities depend on daily fertilizer and water management. To cherry fertilizer water, should be less frequent application; see dry see wet; irrigation through irrigation leakage. Cherry trees that have not yet borne fruit, spring, apply a small amount of PBO in the container. Fertilize frequently before July to promote tree growth. Common fertilizers include cake fertilizer, livestock hoof horn, sesame sauce residue, sour milk, rice washing water, broken bone fragments, etc. It is best to soak them into fermentation and apply them with fertilizer solution. Organic fertilizer was applied once every 10~15 days. After August, potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added to organic fertilizer water; urea was added once before and after flowering of cherry trees in fruiting period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were added to fertilizer water; 50g potassium sulfate was added once in September. In summer, irrigate once a day, and often spray some water to the leaves to cool and clean the trees. Spring and autumn irrigation times should be less. There is basically no watering in winter. The amount of irrigation to the bottom of the container slightly dripping water is best. Organic fertilizer water production: soybean meal according to the ratio of 1:5 soaked in water, and then fermentation for 5~10 days, and then add 10 times water dilution.

4 . Flower and fruit management: flower and fruit management focus on thinning flowers and fruits. Bud thinning is better than flower thinning, flower thinning is better than fruit thinning. The tree body flower bud quantity is big, in the budding period, thin out part flower bud. Operation method: thinning 1/3~1/4 flower buds on flower cluster bearing branches. Pollinate between varieties at flowering. When cherries grow to the size of soybeans, thinning out the fruit shape is not correct fruit.

5. Pruning: cherry terminal buds and flower clusters of fruiting branches of the group of central buds for leaf buds. Flower bud is pure flower bud, mainly axillary flower bud and flower cluster. Flower buds axillary inserted at base of 1-year-old branches. Pay attention to flower bud position when pruning. Summer pruning is dominant, winter pruning is secondary. Winter pruning: mainly to adjust tree type and balance tree potential. The main thinning out growth competition branches, dorsal branches, strong branches, slender branches. Extended branches truncated, fruiting branches retracted. Summer pruning: mainly to maintain tree type, promote flowers and protect fruits. Cut off competing branches and dorsal branches. Picked when the branches grew to 15~20cm. It is usually completed before July and no more than twice a year. In September or so, when the branches are just capped, flatten the branches.

6 . Pest control: cherry perforation disease, leaf surface primary needle big spots, gradually expanded into round brown spots, disease long gray brown mold, disease dry contraction, peripheral separation layer, often from this fall into brown perforation, irregular edges. Spraying 70% mancozeb 500 times solution after flower drop, spraying once every 7~10 days, spraying continuously for 3~4 times. Tetranychus mites: feed on the back of host leaves, pierce cells, and suck sap. Pale spots appeared on both sides of the main vein near petiole of the damaged leaves at first, and the leaves turned gray and dark brown with the aggravation of damage. During the growing season, 3000 - 4000 times solution of avermectin is sprayed.

7. Overwintering technology: cherry in the process of overwintering easy to appear shoot. This is mainly due to insufficient water supply from underground roots in winter, so irrigation and ground cover are used to reduce water evaporation before overwintering. Early pruning of fruit tree branches, spraying anti-transpiration oil emulsion, wrapping branches with film and other measures are also effective.