How to carefully manage Postpartum Dairy cows with deficiency of body and weak immunity

Cow

1. Postpartum feeding of dairy cows:

1. In the early postpartum period, the appetite of dairy cows has not yet recovered, the digestive function is weak, the body is weak, the resistance is low, the feed should be mainly high-quality hay, supplemented by concentrate, should be fed with palatable and digestible energy feed, freely eat high-quality hay, and properly increase concentrate feed. If the milk yield of the cow increases with the increase of feed, continue to increase the feed; when the milk yield is no longer increased, reduce the excess feed to achieve the corresponding balance of milk feed. At this time, the dry matter intake should reach 2% of the cow's body weight, the dietary crude protein level should not be less than 13%, and the ratio of concentrate to coarse feed should be 1:3. In order to improve the appetite of dairy cows, feed an appropriate amount of probiotics every day; in order to supplement nutrition, 12% carrots and 11% sugar beets can be added to the diet, and calcium lactate or calcium gluconate can be added to prevent cow paralysis.

two。 In the middle of postpartum, the physique of dairy cows gradually recovered, the milk yield increased, and gradually reached the peak. At this time, it is necessary to feed high-energy and high-protein feed, appropriately increase the feeding times, the level of crude protein in the diet should reach 16%, dry matter intake should account for 3.5% of the body weight of lactating cows, concentrate should be supplied according to the standard according to milk production, roughage should be freely eaten, drinking water should be adequate, and cow exercise should be strengthened.

3. In the late postpartum period, the milk yield decreased slowly and the body weight began to increase. During this period, high-quality roughage should be provided, concentrate should be properly fed, dry matter intake should reach 2.5% of the body weight of lactating cows, dietary crude protein level should be less than 12%, and monthly milk yield should be reduced by 4% to 6%.

4. Postpartum dry milk period of dairy cows. The early stage of dry milk is mainly high-quality green roughage, and an appropriate amount of concentrate should be fed, usually 8-10 kg of high-quality hay, 15-20 kg of green feed and 2-3 kg of mixed concentrate. In addition, the diet should pay attention to the adequate supply of mineral calcium, phosphorus, vitamins and salt to meet the needs of fetal growth and development. In the later stage of dry milk, the amount of concentrate feeding can be increased by 1 kg per week, and the amount of concentrate feeding is about 7.5% of the body weight of pregnant cattle in the week before delivery.

Second, postpartum health care of dairy cows:

1. Do a good job in cow body and environmental hygiene. Clean the cattle in time after delivery, and carry out disinfection to prevent uterine inflammation and other diseases; seriously do a good job in daily disinfection, disinfect the cowshed and its surrounding environment once a week in winter and spring, disinfect twice a week in summer and autumn, and achieve feed and drinking water sanitation. Cowshed, sports ground diligent cleaning, bedding grass, keep clean and dry, but also should pay attention to ventilation and light, anti-thief wind and wind, pay attention to keep warm in winter.

two。 Scientific milking. In order to prevent postpartum infection of mastitis, the first week after delivery, you should be milked many times, 3 to 4 times a day to avoid breast edema; hot compress, each time, wash the breast with 50 ℃ ~ 60 ℃ warm water and warm compress with a wet towel dipped in hot water for many times; at the same time, you should massage the breast many times before and after milking. In order to prevent postpartum paralysis, do not milk the milk in the breast 3 days after delivery, generally only 60% to 70% on the first day, 75% to 80% on the second day, 85% to 90% on the third day, and completely squeezed out on the fourth day. Strictly maintain milking hygiene, before milking, clean the dirt of the cow tail and wash the cowbed with water; milking staff should be healthy and do not change frequently, milking time, milking site, milking order should be fixed.

3. Reasonably increase the light. Reasonable light can increase milk yield, prevent vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis, and enhance disease resistance of dairy cows. In winter, cows need to be given artificial light, so that the daylight time of the whole day can reach 14 hours.

4. Carry out cow breeding in time. Strictly abide by the operation rules of artificial insemination to inseminate and conceive dairy cows in a period of estrus and prevent mating pollution.

5. Keep the postpartum cow exercising once a day in the morning and afternoon for at least 1 hour each time, so that the cow will be physically strong and maintain a high level of milk production; brushing the cow body 2 or 3 times a day can not only ensure skin cleanliness, but also prevent skin diseases. it is particularly important for postpartum lactation cows.

6. Regularly detect the antibody of epidemic disease in postpartum dairy cows and do a good job of immunization against infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease and brucellosis.