High bed feeding technique of fresh Milk quality High Dairy Goat without grassland restriction

The high bed of sheep refers to a sheep building with a leaky screen built with building materials at a certain height from the ground. Raising dairy goats in high bed not only is not limited by grassland, but also can improve milk yield, ensure the sanitary quality of fresh milk, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

dairy goat

1. Construction of high bed: goats like dryness and dislike humidity. They should be selected and built in places with high dry terrain and smooth drainage. The sitting direction and buildings should be ventilated in summer, warm in winter and conducive to lighting. The high bed is 1~1.5 meters above the ground to reduce the harm of harmful gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide to goats. The high bed board can be nailed with 3cm×4cm or 4cm×5cm battens. Leave a gap of 1~1.5cm between the battens, and the railings will form a stable of 4-6 square meters for group feeding and management. There should be a slope of 1° in the house, and the slope of the ground under the screen should be 10°-15° to clean up feces and urine. Windows should be left on both sides of the sheephouse, or the south side should be open to facilitate ventilation. Different sheep need different high bed mesh area, adult ewes 1~1.2 square meters, adult rams 1.5~2 square meters (if ram single pen feeding, 4~6 square meters), young ewes 0.6~0.8 square meters, reserve goats 1~1.5 square meters, lambs 0.3~0.5 square meters. The exercise area is 2 - 3 times the area of the sheep house.

2. Breeding goat management: breeding rams should be healthy, in good physical condition, with strong sexual desire and good semen quality. Inbreeding is prohibited. If the number is small, rams can be replaced from afar. The diet of breeding ram should be complete nutrition, palatability and easy digestion. The coarse feed should be mainly high quality leguminous hay. In winter, carrots and concentrate rich in protein should be supplemented, and their proportion should account for 20% of the mixture. In the non-breeding period, it is necessary to restore its physical strength, but also can not be over-fed, so as not to breed ram too fat.

3. Female goat management: The recovery period is within 20 days after delivery, which is also called early lactation. Ewe postpartum physical consumption, weak physique, poor digestion. 5~6 days after delivery, feed digestible high quality hay and a small amount of mixed concentrate;6 days later, gradually increase silage or succulent grass;14 days later, concentrate increased to normal feed. Generally, 50 kg ewes are fed 0.6 kg concentrate and juicy feed daily, although it has the effect of promoting milk, but it cannot be fed too early or too much, so as to prevent indigestion of ewes or diarrhea and affect milk production.

Postpartum 20~120 days for lactation peak period, especially postpartum 30~70 days, milk production is the highest, feeding should be particularly careful, nutrition should be complete. On the basis of the original feeding amount, 50~ 80g concentrate was added every day, and 650~ 680g concentrate was fed on the same day. As long as the milk production increases, it will continue to increase until the milk production is stable, and it will be maintained for 5~7 days according to the last daily feeding rate, and then fed according to the initial feeding standard. When urging milk,"three looks", that is, to see whether the ewe appetite is strong, whether the milk volume continues to rise, whether the feces are normal, according to these to determine the increase or decrease of concentrate. In order to prevent nutrition loss in lactation peak period, feeding should be rich in prenatal feed, bold in postpartum feeding and careful nursing.

The stable lactation period of ewes is 120~210 days after parturition. Although milk production has declined during this period, it has declined slowly. In feeding, it is necessary to avoid changing feed, feeding methods and working schedules as much as possible to prolong the peak period of milk production. We should give more green and juicy feed and ensure the supply of clean drinking water.

Postpartum 210 days to dry period for the late lactation. The milk yield has dropped significantly, and efforts should be made to slow down the rate of decline in milk yield. Concentrate can be reduced only after milk yield has dropped. Late lactation is also early pregnancy, although the fetus weight gain is not large, but the requirements of full nutrition, so concentrate should not be too fast to reduce, otherwise it will affect fetal development.

After 10 months of lactation and 3 months of pregnancy, the nutrition consumption of female goats is large. In order to recover the ewe as soon as possible, it should stop producing milk and enter the dry period. During the dry period, the fetus grows rapidly and requires a feed rich in dry matter and protein. Pay attention to the supply of calcium, phosphorus and vitamins. For 40 days before drying milk, 50 kg sheep can be given 1 kg of fine leguminous hay (such as alfalfa and vetch), 2.5 kg of corn straw silage and 0.5 kg of mixed concentrate every day. Prenatal 20 days, increase concentrate feed, appropriate reduction of coarse feed to the amount. Generally, 60 kg ewes are given 0.6~0.8 kg mixed concentrate to meet the nutritional needs of the fetus and promote mammary gland hyperplasia; at the same time, the feed volume is reduced to avoid compressing the uterus, affecting fetal development or causing abortion.