How to use woodland to raise native chickens

Raising chickens in woodland has three major advantages: first, it improves the utilization rate of land, which is conducive to solving the problem of land competition between the development of animal husbandry and agriculture. Second, it has changed the ecological environment of woodland and orchard and improved the ecological benefit. Raising chickens in woodland can effectively promote the combination of forest and animal husbandry, promote each other and develop together. The chicken looks for insects and grass in the forest, and the excretion increases the soil fertility and is conducive to the growth of trees. Third, it has improved economic benefits and increased farmers' income. The investment of raising chicken in woodland is small, the operation is simple, and there is no need for tedious breeding procedures. Woodland provides a broad and ideal space for chickens. Chickens have a wide range of activities, enhanced disease resistance, few drugs are used in feeding and management, and grass and insects in woodland provide rich nutrition for chickens, save feed and reduce feeding costs. the produced eggs and chicken have no drug residues, which are just suitable for the high-taste consumption pursued by modern people, and are very popular in the society, and the market price is higher than that of ordinary broilers and eggs. Increased the income of farmers. The following points should be emphasized in the development of chicken farming in woodland. First, the construction of fences and chicken coops is based on the construction of a fence for every 667 square meters of woodland and orchards in order to prevent the loss of chickens and the infringement of natural enemies (foxes, weasels, etc.). The fence is made of 1.5m high plastic net or nylon net, 25cm is buried deep underground, a wooden pile is driven at an interval of 2m, and the net is fastened to the wooden pile. Divert tap water or water to orchards or woodlands. The chicken coop is built at both ends of the fence to facilitate the movement of the fence during rotation. The chicken coop is mainly used for chicken rest at night and shelter from wind and rain, which can be relatively simple, such as building grass sheds, plastic tents, asbestos and so on. The winter can be surrounded by straw curtains and plastic films to keep warm. The density of chickens in the henhouse is generally 10 to 12 chickens per square meter. At the same time, the 30cm slope perch can be built in the house along the direction of chickens entering and leaving the woodland. the perch materials can be made of wood strips, bamboo, etc., with an interval of about 10cm, so that chickens can rest on the shelf at night. After the chicken coop is completed, it should be disinfected seriously. 2. The main purpose of breeding chickens in woodland is to pursue the quality of chickens and to ensure that they are green and pollution-free, generally with local native chicken breeds that are suitable for stocking and with strong disease resistance. when these chickens are fed for a period of time, the rooster is in 2kg and the hen is about 1.5~1.8kg. Third, feeding management 1, brooding (1) preparation before brooding. The nursery room is generally specially built, using brick and wood structure to build thermal insulation bungalows, and empty houses can also be used for renovation. The furnace is mainly used for heat preservation, and the gas is discharged directly from the outside through the smoke pipe. Where there are conditions, you can add infrared insulation lights to increase the indoor temperature. The nursery room should have a window for air exchange, which can not only ensure the indoor temperature, but also facilitate the supply of fresh air and the discharge of indoor harmful gases (such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, etc.). The ground cushion can be made of shavings, grain husks, straw and so on. The site must be disinfected before each brood. After hatching, bedding materials and chicken droppings should be thoroughly removed and strictly sterilized and set aside. (2) the imported chicken seedlings must be confirmed to have been injected with Marek vaccine within 24 hours, which is very important and is the key to the success of breeding. Chicks should be carefully selected, the main characteristics of healthy chicks are: neat shell, uniform size, normal weight, smooth feathers, big eyes, strong legs, good umbilical cord, soft abdomen, no fecal pollution around the anus. The time of brooding is generally 25-30 days, which is carried out in the brooding room with heat preservation function. Some chicks have reduced resistance after long-distance transportation, and some vitamins, glucose and antibiotics (such as enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, etc.) can be added when drinking water. The density of chicken seedlings should not be too large, generally about 40 per square meter. (3) the temperature of brooding is the primary condition of brooding, and the appropriate temperature is the guarantee to improve the survival rate. When the temperature is normal, the chicks have normal activity, lively spirit, good appetite and moderate drinking water; when the temperature is on the low side, the chicks scream and are close to the heat source and crowded into the pile, which is easy to cause the superimposed pressure death of the chickens; when the temperature is too high, the chicks stay away from the heat source, gasp and drink more water. Therefore, we must pay attention to observation. Generally, the first week of brooding is 3234 ℃ (not less than 33 ℃ in the first three days), then it decreases by 3 ℃ per week, and the fourth week should be kept at 20: 23 ℃. The chicks should be kept warm before stocking so that the chicks can adapt to the external environment temperature. (4) first drinking and eating. The chicks can drink water after they have a rest in the house. At first, a small amount of vitamin C, compound vitamin B and sugar should be added to the drinking water, and the water temperature should be 16-20 ℃. The feeding should be carried out 2-4 hours after the chickens drink, mix the feed with a little water, and then sprinkle it evenly on the pre-sterilized dark plastic sheeting, so that the chicks can eat freely and feed less frequently. After 3 days, they were fed with feed bucket and dry material. Pellet feed produced by a feed factory with stable quality and good reputation should be selected for eating. 2. The management of breeding chickens the chicks generally need to be raised indoors for a period of time to gradually adapt to the external environment. It can be put into woodland and orchard for 7 days in summer, 15 days in spring and 20 days in winter. Attention should be paid to the transfer of chickens from indoor to woodland and orchard at night to reduce stress reaction. Generally, it is appropriate to raise it in spring, summer and autumn. In the first few days in the forest, the chickens should be trained to form a conditioned reflex to achieve the purpose of whistling and replenishing food. The feed is mainly corn and soybean meal, after crushing, adding appropriate amount of multivitamin and trace elements, stirring evenly and then throwing it into the feed tank for chickens to feed, generally replenishing once every morning and evening. Should pay attention to often observe the state of the flock, find the problem and solve it in time. In addition, artificial insect breeding can be adopted to supplement part of animal protein feed in orchard to save feed cost. The method of raising insects with rice straw is generally adopted, and the effect is very good. The method is as follows: cut the straw into 6~7cm length, boil it in water for 1 hour or 2 hours, remove it and pour it into a rectangular pit with a width of 0.6 m and a depth of 0.3 m, cover it with 6~7cm thick soil, leftovers, etc., then cover it with soil and compaction, sprinkle a pot of rice water or rice soup every day, etc., and give birth to worms in 8 days. Open it and let the chicken peck at it. After eating, cover the soil and still pour water on the rice. You can continue to give birth to worms. At the same time, it can also be used to induce insects to feed chickens, which can reduce crop pests and reduce the use of pesticides. Fourth, the prevention and control of epidemic diseases, no matter at the brooding stage or the breeding stage, we should promptly carry out immunization, disinfection and cleaning work, and strengthen the prevention and control of some common diseases such as chicken coccidiosis, chicken pullorum, colibacillosis and so on. There should be 2-3 kinds of chicken coccidia drugs, which should be used alternately, and other conventional drugs such as enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and penicillin should be prepared to prevent and cure chicken white dysentery and colibacillosis, so as to facilitate timely treatment when epidemic diseases are found. improve the survival rate of chickens. Do not spray pesticides easily in the orchard. When spraying fruit trees, the chickens should be kept indoors and put into the orchard after the validity period of the medicine, so as not to cause pesticide poisoning. The immune procedures for raising chickens in woodland orchards can be referred to as follows: day-old vaccination method 6-7 new branch (ND+H120+ J9) nose drop, eye 13-14 new branch (IBD) water 20-21 new branch (ND+H120+ J9) nose drop, eye 25 bursa of Fabricius (IBD) drinking water 40,45 Newcastle disease line I (ND) intramuscular injection prevention and treatment of several common diseases: 1. Chicken pullorum is an infectious disease caused by salmonella in chickens. The main damage to chicks, morbidity and mortality are very high. Adult chickens can also be infected, but the symptoms are mild or not obvious, mainly affecting ovaries, follicles, fallopian tubes and testis and other organs. The incubation period of the disease is 4-5 days, and the chicks begin to develop the disease on the 5th-6th day. The peak of morbidity and death is in the second to third week, which is characterized by mental exhaustion, dirty feathers, drooping wings, shrinking head and neck, not eating, and often squeezing together or standing to one side for fear of cold shivering due to rising body temperature. Foul-smelling white mushy thin feces stick to the feathers around the anus, forming lumps, even blocking the anus, and can not discharge feces. Make a squeaky scream, if the bacteria invade the lungs, causing pneumonia, sick chickens have difficulty breathing, gasp for breath, and often die of weakness and exhaustion after illness. Adult chickens generally have no obvious symptoms after being infected with this disease. Prevention and treatment of this disease is the key to raising chicks: to purchase chicken seedlings without white dysentery as far as possible, strictly disinfect them, clean and disinfect the floor, utensils, forage, cages, water fountains, etc., strengthen the feeding and management of chicks, temperature, humidity, ventilation and light should be strictly controlled, pay close attention to the dynamics of chickens, and find that anal chickens should be isolated or eliminated in time. Enrofloxacin can be properly added to the drinking water in the first few days, and the disease can be treated with compound carbendazim, potent ciprofloxacin, flunaric acid, gentamicin and other drugs. 2. Chicken coccidiosis is a common intestinal parasitic disease. Chicken coccidiosis is a common intestinal parasitic disease. The incidence of chicken coccidiosis is the highest and the mortality rate can reach more than 80%. Common symptoms: mental exhaustion, loss of appetite, dirty feathers, closed eyes, wing droop, dysentery, etc., the most diagnostic symptoms are bloody feces, and anatomy shows swelling and congestion of the small intestine and cecum. The prevention and treatment of this disease should be carried out in the early stage. Usually change the cushion frequently to prevent feed and drinking water from being contaminated by feces, or disinfect chickens with disinfectant. When you get sick, you can use anti-coccidial drugs such as kezuril or sulfonamides to treat the whole group, and coccidial drugs are often changed to prevent drug resistance. 3. Chicken colibacillosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli. Chickens of all ages can occur, most common in chicks and 6-10-week-old chicks, clinically mainly secondary infection, often with infectious bursa of Fabricius, slow call, pullorum, Newcastle disease, ascites and other mixed infection. The main causes are dense flocks of chickens, turbid air, overcooling and overheating, malnutrition, unclean drinking water and so on. The main clinical manifestations are: acute septicemia and pneumocystitis, pneumonia, enteritis and so on. Diseased chickens show lethargy, dirty feathers, neck shrinkage, dysentery or diarrhea, sometimes dyspnea, and feces are yellow, green or grayish-white. Dissection lesions are mainly visceral parenchyma organ hyperemia, fatigue and degeneration, often accompanied by some white cellulose membrane, splenomegaly with purplish red, fibrinous pericarditis, pericardial fluid turbidity, peritoneal inflammation, and some chicken joint enlargement. The prevention of this disease should give priority to prevention, improve environmental hygiene, strengthen feeding and management, and do a good job in the prevention of infectious bursal disease, Newcastle disease and other diseases, which can reduce or reduce the harm of the disease. Proper addition of antibiotics to the feed during the breeding period is beneficial to the control of the disease. As Escherichia coli is easy to produce drug resistance to drugs, sensitive drugs should be selected for treatment, such as diarrhea, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, potent fluramic acid, oxytetracycline, potent ciprofloxacin, etc., and the dosage should be sufficient to ensure continuous drug use and maintain the effective concentration of the drug in the body for a certain period of time. Raising chickens in orchards and woodlands is a good project for short, flat and rapid sustainable development, a new thing under the adjustment of rural industrial structure, and a good way for farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich. The scale of extension should be increased in combination with the adjustment of agricultural structure. -- good article, learned, thank you-- good is a good idea. -- I hope to learn more from you-- at least this is the future direction. The earth is not getting bigger, the population is increasing, how to make rational use of the limited resources on the earth is always a direction to explore. -- support learning @-- Oh, learn. It is agreed that the comprehensive use of agricultural land on the fifth floor is a big solution to the food problem. -- three-dimensional farming, ecological breeding should be the direction of development-- hehe, learning, how to prevent the predation of predators by meat-eating birds? Thank you.