Culture techniques of elegant fish

First, living habits: elegant fish (Qikou split belly fish, etc.) like to live in cold water streams with fresh water quality, water flow, sufficient water volume and gravel geology. The optimum water temperature for growth is 18 ℃ / 22 Mel. Lower than 8 ℃ or higher than 24 ℃, loss of appetite and slow growth. Stop eating when the water temperature exceeds 26 ℃. When the high temperature lasts for a long time, the body weakens and dies. Elegant fish is a kind of fish that likes high oxygen. The water quality requirements of cultured elegant fish are as follows: high transparency and high dissolved oxygen, when the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 4mg/L, the respiratory frequency of elegant fish increases and feels uncomfortable; when the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 2.8mg/L, fish float and die; when the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 2mg/L, a large number of fish die, this value is the lethal point of elegant fish in summer. The amount of dissolved oxygen in water is 5mg/L, the growth of elegant fish is normal; when the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is 7mg/L, the growth of elegant fish is the fastest. The elegant fish can live in the water environment with a PH value of 5.5 murmur8.2, and the optimum pH value is 7Mui 7.5. Second, the fry cultivation of elegant fish: (1) the body color of newly hatched larvae is very light, at this time, the larvae are afraid of light and like to gather at the bottom of the pool where the current is weak and the light is dark; lack of water flow can easily lead to asphyxiation and death. To this end, the bottom of the pool should be kept clean and the flow of water should be increased appropriately. The amount of water injected per ten thousand fish fry is kept at about 1 liter per minute. The area of fish ponds is generally 5-10 cm, and the stocking density is about 500 fish / fish. According to the characteristics of each development stage of fish fry, feed with rich nutrition and easy digestion should be given. At the beginning of feeding, as the fish fry are not in the habit of eating artificial feed, the feed should be scattered to every corner and can only be used more. At first, the cooked egg yolk can be mixed into syrup and dripped to the upper reaches of the fish pond and the water surface with fish, so that the fish fry meet the egg yolk particles and can be swallowed. If the fish fry can compete for food in small pieces, the feed can be dropped to the place where the fry is concentrated, or the cooked egg yolk can be extruded with gauze and dripped in the water in the form of fine particles, and the egg whites can also be used together later. In order to ensure complete nutrition, rotifers and chopped dune worms can also be fed, or put on thin wire and hung in the pond to allow the fry to feed slowly. After that, add raw eggs and wheat flour to the paste feed, cook it, rub it into small particles on the barbed wire, and feed it 6-7 times a day. Under good feeding conditions, fish fry grow rapidly and appear black flower spots. (2) Fish breeding: 1. Feed: the nutritional requirements of compound feed of elegant fish are similar to those of Sturgeon. The daily feed rate of elegant fish is 2-8% of the body weight of fish. 2. Seedling screening: the uneven growth of elegant fish is a common phenomenon. When the fry grows to 2g body weight, it needs to be screened and raised in ponds according to different specifications, so as to improve the survival rate and accelerate the growth of fry and fry. 3, often clean up: elegant fish like to live in water with fresh water quality and high oxygen content. With the increase of culture time, feed and waste excreted by fish are increasing. Although running water can wash away some of them, some of them are still stored at the bottom of still water. These leftovers and feces not only pollute the water quality and consume oxygen, but also spread fish disease, which is extremely disadvantageous to the breeding of fish fry and must be eliminated in time. (3) Pond culture: (1) the conditions and requirements of the aquaculture pond, the pond is solid, does not leak, the water source is sufficient, the water injection and drainage is convenient, the water depth is 1.0-1.5m, the water quality is clear, the dissolved oxygen shall not be lower than 6.5mg/L, and the water temperature is not higher than 23 degrees. (2) preparation before stocking, renovate and disinfuse the pond and infuse new water. (3) the stocking specification and density of fish species, the general specification is tail weight 10g. The stocking density is 5000 tails / mu. (4) during the cultivation period, the fish ponds are regularly inspected to strictly control the water quality, and timely measures are taken when problems are found; there are mainly two types of feed: water mound worms and formula feed, and the daily feeding amount is controlled, usually 2-5% of the body weight of the fish. Generally feed 3-5 times a day; do fixed-point, regular and quantitative feeding; pay attention to the drainage of the pond water, the water level should be kept at about 1.5m, the daily water exchange capacity is 20%, pay attention to the hygiene and disease prevention of the fish pond, clean up the weeds, macroalgae and feed residues in the pond in time, regularly feed drugs to prevent the disease, find out the cause in time when you are sick, and take corresponding measures; check and record regularly. (4) cage culture: (1) the specification and density of stocking. The cage culture of elegant fish can be divided into two types, one is the middle cultivation stage of the seedlings in the cage, and the other is the cultivation stage. The best stocking specification in the middle breeding stage is 3 cm in body length, 1000 fish / cubic meter in density, and 50 fish / cubic meter in 10 cm in body length. (2) daily management of cages. Safety inspection, strict prevention of escaping fish, often check the safety of the cage in the process of cage culture; ensure that the fish do not escape, make a good feeding record, including the activity and feeding of the fish, water temperature measurement, death, weather changes, fish growth (measured every 10-15 days), cage damage and repair.