Healthy Culture technique at 80:20 in Freshwater Pond

The main measures of healthy culture technology in freshwater ponds at 80:20 are as follows: first, to select a main species of edible fish with high market value (its output accounts for more than 80% of the total output), and to match with 20% of filter-feeding fish; the second is to scientifically feed high-quality pellet feed with comprehensive nutrition and good physical shape. The popularization and application of this technology can greatly increase the output of high quality aquatic products, and effectively overcome the increase of pond silt and the deterioration of water quality caused by the traditional pond mixed culture mode of feeding fresh bait, single raw material or mixed pellet bait with incomplete nutrition. fish disease and other problems, so as to effectively reduce the pollution of pond culture and avoid the deterioration of water quality and the occurrence of fish disease. It provides a technical guarantee for realizing the virtuous circle of aquaculture environment and doing well healthy aquaculture. Species with high market value, such as spotted forked tail carp, Pengze crucian carp, grass carp, freshwater white Pomfret, purse red carp, eel, yellow catfish, Loach, California perch and mandarin fish can be reared as main breeds. Bighead carp, silver carp and other filter-feeding fish can be used as matching species to regulate water quality. 1. Pond condition 1. Pond: the area is 5 Mu and the water depth is 2 mi 2.5 m. The pond is hard and strong and has good water retention. The bottom of the pond is flat and there is little silt. it is better for the pond to be rectangular from east to west. 1.2 Water source: the water source is sufficient and pollution-free, and the water quality meets the fishery water quality standards, and it is convenient for entry and drainage. 1.3 supporting facilities: complete power facilities, equipped with adequate injection and drainage equipment, conditionally equipped with a 3-kilowatt aerator for every 6 mi 8 mu pond. 2. Preparation before stocking and stocking time 2.1 Pond cleaning: the bottom of the pond is leveled before stocking, and the pond is disinfected with quicklime. Dry cleaning of the pond, 60 kg quicklime per mu; 150 kg quicklime per mu with water, when the water depth is 1 meter; kill bacteria and wild fish. 2.2 Fish stocking: when stocking, the water temperature should be less than 10 ℃, which usually ends before the Spring Festival. Before entering the pond, the fish were soaked in 20PPm potassium permanganate for 10 minutes or 5% salt water for 10 minutes. 3. Stocking mode and fish seed quality, specification requirements 3.1 Fish seed quality, specification requirements: fish species specification neat, physically strong, disease-free and injury-free. The main fish culture specification is more than 100g / tail, and the fish culture specification is 50g / tail. 3.2 the stocking model can be referred to as follows: a, spotted fork tail (Pengxuan crucian carp, purse red carp and other main breeds) 100g per mu, stocking density 850 per mu, planned adult size 600g / mu, estimated yield 450 kg / mu; B, silver carp 50g / tail, stocking density 100 per mu, planned adult size 750g / tail, estimated yield 60 kg / mu C, bighead carp 50g / mu, stocking density 50 / mu, planned adult fish specification 1200 g / mu, estimated yield 40kg / mu; total stocking density 950g / mu, estimated yield 550kg / mu. 4. Feed nutrition, quality requirements and feeding techniques 4.1 Feed nutrition must be comprehensive and balanced, with more than 32% protein content in adult fish feed, 36% protein content in fish feed and less than 10% water content. It is better to feed with granules, either sinking or floating particles. The quality of feed processing meets the standard. The stability in water is good, and the raw materials are required to be fresh. It is best to choose feed with protein content of more than 36% in the early stage of adult fish feeding. 4.2 feeding techniques: (1) feeding amount: feeding amount should be determined according to water temperature, talent and quality conditions, etc. The main breeding varieties began to ingest more than 5 ℃, and the feeding intensity was the highest at 25-30 ℃. At the same time, the eating condition of the fish should be inspected. It is appropriate to eat the sunken material within 15 minutes and the floating material within 30 minutes, twice a day. The specific feeding amount is as follows: the feeding rate is 3.5% of the body weight when the average weight of the fish is 50 grams, 3.5% of the body weight when the average weight of the fish is 50 grams, 3.2% of the body weight when the average weight is 100 grams, and 2.9% of the body weight when the average weight is 150 grams. The feeding rate is 2.6% of body weight when the average weight of fish is 200 grams, 2.3% of body weight when 250 grams, 2% of body weight when 300 grams, 1.6% of body weight when 400 grams, 1.5% of body weight when 500 grams. When the average weight of the fish is 600 grams, the feeding rate is 1.4% of the body weight; when the average weight of the fish is 50 grams, the feeding rate is 3.5% of the body weight; (2) feeding method: feed feeding should be "four fixed", that is, timing, positioning, quality and quantity. It is appropriate to cast once in the morning and once in the afternoon every day. The position of feeding should be fixed on both sides of the pond, and the range should be as large as possible to increase the feeding opportunities of small fish. (5) Water quality monitoring and management 5.1 timely adding water and regulating water quality: the water quality should be kept fresh, the transparency should be in 30-35cm, and the dissolved oxygen in water should be kept above 5mg/L. In order to prevent the aging of water quality, new water should be injected regularly, adding 20-30cm of new water every 15 days from June to August. Sprinkle the whole pond with 15 kilograms of quicklime for 30 days to regulate the water quality. In the high temperature season or rainy low pressure weather from July to August, we should pay attention to the change of dissolved oxygen in water. If dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 3Mg/L or fish has signs of floating head, we should appropriately reduce the amount of bait and turn on the aerator to increase oxygen in time. 5.2 Daily management: patrol the pond every day, observe the feeding and growth of fish, and measure the water temperature. The growth of the fish is checked every 10 days, and the daily feeding amount is adjusted every half a month. There are many factors affecting the feeding amount, in addition to water temperature and water quality (dissolved oxygen PH value, etc.). The physiological condition of the fish, weather and the palatability of the feed also have a great influence on the food intake, so it is necessary to grasp it flexibly and take the bait reasonably. In order to achieve complete data, each pond should establish files and do a good job in daily management such as fish pond records. 6. disease prevention and control should implement the healthy culture technology in fresh water ponds at 80:20, and the use of drugs is not recommended in the culture process, so it is very important to strengthen disease prevention and control. In the whole process of breeding, we should give priority to prevention, management first, and carry out comprehensive prevention and control. Measures to prevent fish diseases, in addition to doing a good job of fish pond disinfection, fish species disinfection and other general work, but also often maintain pond environmental hygiene, strengthen water quality monitoring, do not feed deteriorated feed, and carry out regular drug prevention and comprehensive prevention.