Opinions on Disease and Cordyceps Control during sowing time and before Winter of Wheat

During the sowing period of wheat field in our city, the main control objects are wheat underground pests (golden needle worms, grubs), diseases transmitted by seeds and soil (with emphasis on wheat smut and total erosion disease). After seedling is the control of wheat slope disease and monocotyledon weeds in wheat field (mainly brome). After wheat sowing, the local land damage of golden needles is serious, and the damage rate of wheat seedlings can reach more than 20%, which often results in lack of seedlings and broken ridges. The total erosion disease of wheat expanded rapidly in 2009, with a total area of 8500 mu in the city, an increase of 21.43% over the previous year, showing that the occurrence of new disease areas was heavy, and the occurrence of sporadic plots increased; wheat slope disease also rebounded significantly this year; Monocotyledon weeds in wheat fields occurred in 5000 mu in 2009. The occurrence area has involved seven townships and some villages. Among them, some villages in Xiaoxinzhuang, Xin Beitou and Qianying Township were heavy. Therefore, it is hoped that when solving the old diseases, insect pests and weeds, the broad masses of farmers should pay attention to the occurrence and harm of new diseases, insect pests and weeds, seriously do a good job in the comprehensive management of diseases and insect pests, and integrate effective measures to control them, so as to lay a good foundation for the stable and high yield of wheat.

(1) to select excellent varieties and do a good job in seed treatment:

The main results are as follows: 1. Select the varieties with high quality and high yield, good comprehensive stress resistance and opposite road in the local or local plot. Varieties to choose from: Shijiazhuang 8, Shimai 15, Shimai 18, Shiyou 17, Gaoyou 2018, Liangxing 99, etc. The seeds of wheat fields such as wheat total erosion disease and smut must be replaced.

2. Seed treatment: it is required to dry before sowing, uncoated seeds must be screened, diseases and insects, blighted grains and grass seeds must be removed, and germination potential and seedling emergence uniformity should be improved. The uncoated seeds must be treated with chemicals, and the formula: 20% triadimefon 30-35 ml per 100 jin of seeds, 100 ml of 2% triadimefon or 12.5% total erosion in wheat fields, or 3% verapamil 250 ml plus 25% Xerox 50 ml, stirring evenly, stuffy 4 murine for 6 hours, at the same time, mixed with 50% phoxim or 40% methyl isophos 150-200 ml, can also treat underground pests.

3. Soil chemical treatment. It is mainly aimed at the occurrence of total erosion disease. The wheat field with sporadic disease in the whole field must be sprayed on the surface with 50% carbendazim 3 kg or 70% methyl topiramate 2 kg + 100 kg water per mu, or evenly spread 50 kg of fine soil with 50 kg fine soil, and then plough and prepare the soil; or use 85% trichloroisocyanuric acid (cured) 100 grams mixed with 20 kg fine soil or mixed with base fertilizer (the best with high phosphorus ratio), and then plough and sow.

(2) to create an environment that is not conducive to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in wheat fields: (1) the promotion of total erosion disease in wheat fields and the stubble of dicotyledonous crops such as cotton and vegetables; (2) the reduction of flower arrangement and strip fields; and (3) the elimination of weeds in the surrounding environment outside the wheat fields. eliminate disease and insect sources and bacteria sources; 4, avoid the same machine operation of total erosion disease wheat field and non-diseased wheat field.

(3) Chemical control before winter:

1. When 50% of wheat seedlings are unearthed, 30 ml permethrin plus 10 grams of imidacloprid per barrel is sprayed for the second time every 7-10 days, mainly on small and large wheat fields, including environmental medicine. it can effectively control pests such as planthopper, leafhopper, Swedish fly, soil locust and cricket, and control the occurrence of diseases.

2. In wheat sowing 20-30 days, that is, 3-leaf stage, spray with 20% triadimefon 750-1000 times Shunlong; spray again in the green period of the next year, combined with seed dressing, soil treatment and other measures to control the occurrence and spread of wheat total erosion disease.

3. Weed control before winter: it is suitable for weeding from October to early November, that is, 3-6 leaves of wheat seedlings and 2-6 leaves of weeds, the earlier the weeds come out, the better. The dicotyledonous weed wheat field uses 10% benzosulfuron 10 g or 75% giant star 1 g per mu. Monocotyledon weed wheat field can use 3% Shima oil suspension 30ml plus auxiliaries 50Mel 100ml or 70% puma tiger 2-3g, and choose a pair of 40ml 50kg of water for stem and leaf spray control.

Note: ① chooses sunny and warm weather spray, the minimum temperature is not less than 4 ℃, and can not be watered 2-3 days after spraying; ② special strong gluten wheat and hard wheat fields are not easy to use Monocotyledon weed herbicides. ③ should strictly control the dosage of drugs to avoid drug damage. When spraying ④, avoid spraying grass in many places, and spray evenly in the whole field.