Technical suggestions on control of diseases, insect pests and weeds during wheat sowing

According to the investigation on September 17, underground pests occurred to varying degrees in corn, cotton and other fields in our county. Grubs were the main pests in corn fields. Mole crickets and crickets were higher this year than last year. In addition, the incidence of wheat sheath blight, total erosion disease and smut was serious this year. In order to ensure the safety of wheat production and win a bumper harvest next year, the following technical suggestions for pest control were put forward:

I. Agricultural measures

1. Selection of good varieties: careful selection of improved varieties is a prerequisite to prevent the occurrence of major diseases and insect pests, and put an end to the re-use of wheat in wheat fields with wheat total erosion disease and smut.

two。 Crop rotation: in the plots with serious total erosion disease, the method of rotation with non-host crops such as cotton and vegetables for 2-3 years can effectively control the occurrence of total erosion disease and other diseases and insect pests.

3. Rational formula fertilization: where possible, according to the requirements of the recommendation card of soil testing formula fertilization, fully apply organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, apply appropriate amount of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, zinc and manganese and other trace element fertilizer, and fine soil preparation to promote the development of wheat root system. Improve disease resistance and stress resistance.

4. Late sowing: late sowing of wheat can effectively shorten the infection time of bacteria, reduce the occurrence degree of total erosion disease, root rot and sheath blight, and also reduce the harm of soil locust, planthopper, cricket and other underground pests.

2. Seed dressing with chemicals

1. Seed dressing with insecticides: to control mole crickets, golden needles, grubs and other underground pests, use 200 ml of 50% phoxim or 40% methyl isophosphate EC, 5 kg of water and 100 kg of mixed wheat seeds for 2-3 hours after mixing. Sow seeds after drying. Be careful not to use more than 0.2% of the seed weight so as not to affect germination. If you only control mole cricket, you can also use 1 kg of 40% dimethoate EC, 40-60 kg of water, 400-600 kg of seeds, and pile up for more than 4 hours. These seed dressing measures can also effectively control early aphids and gray planthoppers, and control the occurrence of yellow dwarf disease and cluster dwarf disease.

2. Seed dressing with fungicides

(1) seed dressing in total erosion disease wheat field. ① uses 12.5% total erosion net (silothiamide) 200ml-300ml, 1000 ml of water, 100kg of mixed wheat seeds, stirring evenly for 3 hours; ② uses 0.8% etching water suspension agent, 3000 grams per 100kg seed is added directly to seed, and it can be dried naturally after 4 hours.

(2) seed dressing in wheat fields with other diseases. Generally, 6% tebuconazole suspension seed coating agent is used to mix seeds according to 0.03% of the seed amount, 0.05% (active ingredient), stacking for 6 hours, or 3% difenoconazole 6-9 grams for 1000 ml of water, 100 kg of mixed wheat seeds for 3 hours. It can effectively control the occurrence and spread of wheat scattered smut, fishy smut, early root rot, sheath blight, powdery mildew and other diseases.

3. Mixed seed dressing

In the mixed area of diseases and insect pests, we can choose the above fungicides and pesticides to mix seeds at the same time to achieve the effect of multiple prevention, but we should pay attention to: first mix insecticides, dry and then mix fungicides; first mix emulsion, wait for absorption and drying before mixing powder.

III. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in autumn seedling stage

1. Weed control measures:

(1) to control Gramineae weeds, it is necessary to control weeds in wheat 3-5 leaf stage and weed 2-4 leaf stage. Brome mu is sprayed with 30 kg water with 70% puma tiger 3 grams plus special auxiliaries; Aegilops tauschii mu sprays 30 kg water with 3% Shima 30-40 ml plus special auxiliaries.

(2) to control broad-leaf weeds, tribenuron-methyl should be sprayed before freezing, pouring frozen water or taking advantage of the wet surface after rain.

2. Pest control measures: after wheat is unearthed, immediately investigate and control soil locusts, crickets and other underground pests and aphids, gray planthoppers and other venomous insects. When there are 5 locusts or crickets per square meter, use medicine immediately. Specific methods:

(1) spreading poison bait: 4.5% cypermethrin 50 ml to 3 kg of water and 2.5 kg of fried wheat bran were used to make poison bait and sprinkled in the wheat field in the evening.

(2) spray control: 1000 times of organophosphorus pesticides or 2000 times of pyrethroids were sprayed. To control aphids and gray planthoppers, 4.5% cypermethrin 2000-fold spray or 20% acetamiprid 3000-fold spray can be used to prevent the occurrence of virus diseases.