Suggestions on Control techniques of Disease and Cordyceps in Wheat sowing period

The sowing time of wheat is coming. In view of the occurrence of major wheat diseases and insect pests in our county in recent years, such as total erosion disease, sheath blight, scattered smut, root rot, underground pests, field weeds and so on, according to the plant protection policy of "prevention first, integrated control", technical measures for pest control during wheat sowing in 2009 were formulated.

1. Agricultural cultivation measures:

1. Crop rotation or deep ploughing: in plots with heavy occurrence of total erosion disease and sheath blight, rotation with non-host crops such as cotton, vegetables, sweet potatoes and other non-host crops for 2-3 years should be adopted as far as possible; in villages with conditions, deep ploughing can be carried out on plots with continuous rotary tillage for more than 3 years, with a depth of 20-25 cm. The above measures can eradicate wheat total erosion disease and sheath blight, and reduce the occurrence degree of other diseases and insect pests.

two。 Selection of disease-resistant and disease-tolerant varieties: the main varieties popularized in our county this year are: Hengguan 35, Shiji 02-1, Ji 5265, Shixin 828, Kenong 199 and so on. Wheat fields with total erosion disease, smut and black embryo disease shall not be reserved for seed use.

3. Increase the application of organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and zinc and manganese fertilizer: in recent years, the temperature is on the high side after wheat sowing, and there is a large demand for nitrogen fertilizer in the land where straw is returned to the field, so we should apply an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer; increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and micro-fertilizer to promote the development of wheat roots, cultivate strong seedlings and improve the ability of disease resistance and stress resistance.

4. suitable late sowing and suitable sowing rate: sowing around October 10 can reduce the infection time of bacteria, reduce the occurrence degree of total erosion disease, root rot and sheath blight, and adopt the method of planting disease-free field first and then diseased field. Suitable sowing rate can improve the population structure and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

5. Remove weeds on the edge of the field: destroy the activity and habitat of gray planthopper, locust (grasshopper) and cricket, and reduce the incidence of insect pests and wheat rosette dwarf disease.

2. Chemical control:

Vigorously promote seed coating agent or chemical seed dressing technology, pest control and disease control.

General wheat fields:

A, seed coating agent seed dressing: mix wheat seeds 20-30kg with 2.5% trimethoprim 15ml and pile up for 3 hours, which can effectively control loose smut and root rot.

Choose 15% silver seedling (mixed with A). Carbendazim) suspension seed coating agent or 14% carbendazim (A. E. Suspension seed coating agent 200 grams of mixed wheat seed 20-25 kg, not only prevent smut, root rot, sheath blight, but also control underground pests.

B. Before sowing, the seeds should be mixed with pesticides and fungicides, that is, 50% phoxim EC 100ml plus 2.5% Xerox seed coating agent 100ml, 5 kg of water, 100kg of mixed wheat seeds, stirred evenly and piled up for 3-5 hours. Sow seeds after drying (phoxim is easy to photolysis, should avoid light, sun exposure is strictly prohibited). Coated seeds can be sown directly.

Total erosion disease field: no matter whether the seed is coated or not, a special seed dressing agent for the prevention and control of total erosion disease should be adopted, or mixed with pesticides and other supporting measures.

⑴ with 12.5% total erosion of 20ml, 0.5ml of water, 0.75kg of water, 10kg of mixed wheat seeds, stir evenly, pile up and stuffy 6ml for 12 hours, sow seeds after cool and dry (should avoid light operation, no sun exposure).

⑵ use 2.5% Sylvia 10-20 ml plus 3% verapamil 50-100ml plus appropriate amount of water to mix wheat seeds 10-15 kg, dry and sow. The dosage should be increased or decreased according to the degree of the disease.

two。 Spray protective belt to control gray planthopper to prevent virus disease: immediately after wheat is unearthed, spray organophosphorus pesticide 800Mel 1000 times or pyrethroid pesticide 2000 times. Small wheat fields, especially those near idle land and cotton fields, should be sprayed throughout the field. A large area of continuous wheat fields should be sprayed with a protective belt of 5-10 meters at the edge of the field.

3. Pay attention to the investigation and treatment of locusts and crickets at seedling stage: locusts and crickets mainly pose a threat to early sowing wheat fields. After the wheat is unearthed, the land with 5 locusts and crickets per square meter should be treated with medicine immediately. Specific methods:

(1) spreading poison bait: 40% chlorpyrifos EC 80ml 100ml or 4.5% cypermethrin 50ml to 3 kg water, and 2.5 kg wheat bran mixed with fried incense to make poison bait and sprinkle it on the wheat field in the evening.

(2) spray control: 1000 times of organophosphorus pesticides or 2000 times of pyrethroids were sprayed.

4. Vigorously popularize the winter control of weeds in wheat fields: weeds in wheat fields have a great impact on wheat yield, a large amount of control drugs are used in spring, and are easy to cause drug damage to the next crop, so we should vigorously promote the control of weeds in autumn and winter in wheat fields.

The main results are as follows: (1) for wheat fields dominated by Gramineae weeds, the control time should be in the wheat three-leaf stage (late October to early November). The methods are as follows: in the wheat fields with brome and Niang Mai Niang as the dominant species, 70% puma tiger 3 grams plus special auxiliaries 10 grams per mu. Evenly spray 40 kg of water For wheat fields dominated by Aegilops tauschii, 3% Shima 30-40 ml plus special auxiliaries or 3.6% Koushima water dispersible granules 20-25 grams plus special auxiliaries are sprayed on 30 kg of water per mu.

(2) for the wheat fields dominated by broad-leaved weeds, from late November to early December, when the surface is moist after freezing water or taking advantage of rain, the general plots use benzenesulfuron herbicides; wheat fields dominated by Mai Jia Gong and pig calamities are sprayed with 36% Pentium 7-10 grams or 40% carbendazim 2 grams plus 10% benzenesulfuron 8 grams per mu and spray 30 kilograms of water.

Note:

The main results are as follows: 1. When preparing the medicament, we should adopt the secondary dilution method, that is, first mix a small amount of water into the mother liquid, then add water according to the dilution multiple, fully stir and spray evenly, choose the medicine in sunny and windless weather, and the water consumption per mu is 30 kg.

2. The wheat fields treated with herbicides, especially those using Koushima and Shima herbicides, are required to have sufficient base fertilizer and strong wheat seedlings, and should not be flooded 2 days before and after medication. Fan-shaped sprinklers should be used when spraying, and the wheat will be yellowed after using Shima, and the symptoms will disappear after 3-4 weeks, and the yield will not be affected. Stop spraying when the lowest temperature is less than 4 ℃.