Causes and Control methods of malformed Cucumber

The formation of deformed cucumber has greatly affected its commodity quality and economic benefits. in order to solve this problem, we referred to the relevant materials and carried out several years of research and investigation to explore the causes of the formation of several common deformed cucumbers and their control measures.

1. Pointed melon

Pointed melon, also known as pointed melon, is a common kind of deformed cucumber. It is mainly caused by the following factors.

The parthenocarpy of ① cucumber is weak and the female flower is not fertilized at flowering stage. Because the varieties with weak parthenocarpy are generally difficult to develop into fruits alone, and because the female flowers are not fertilized, seeds can not be formed in the fruit, and there is a lack of power to promote the transport of nutrients to the fruit, resulting in fruit tip malnutrition and the formation of pointed melons.

Control measures: create good pollination conditions during cucumber flowering, such as bee release, artificial pollination and so on.

In the early stage of ② plant growth, the insufficient supply of nitrogen fertilizer makes the plant stem thin and tough, and the fruit will also produce pointed melon.

Prevention and control: apply urea and other fertilizers with high nitrogen content.

③ plant growth potential is weak, especially in the later stage of fruit expansion, lack of fertilizer and water, so that the fruit can not get the normal supply of nutrients, to ensure that there are sufficient mineral nutrients to transport to the fruit.

two。 Big belly melon

This is also a common type of deformed cucumber, which is mainly caused by:

① cucumber female flower fertilization is not complete, only produce seeds at the apex of the melon, so that nutrients accumulate to the apex, resulting in the apical pulp tissue is particularly hypertrophic, showing a big belly melon head.

Prevention and treatment: create good conditions for flowering and pollination.

② plants are deficient in potassium and oversupplied with nitrogen fertilizer, which can also produce melons.

Control measures: apply potassium nitrate, plant ash, etc., or spray plant leaves with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

③ cucumber is short of water in the early growth stage, but a large amount of water supply in the later stage will also produce pot-bellied melon. This is because water has a strong effect on the elongation or hypertrophy of cells. when water is scarce, cells grow slowly, while when there is a large amount of water supply, cells develop rapidly.

Prevention and control measures: balanced water supply throughout the growing period, keep the soil wet, and avoid excessive drought, water shortage or flood irrigation.

3 curved melon

① cucumber was not fertilized completely, only the egg cells on one side of the ovary were fertilized, resulting in the unbalanced development of the whole fruit and forming a curved melon.

During the growth period of ② cucumber, curved melons were produced due to the influence of high temperature, high humidity and bad climate.

Prevention and treatment technology: take a toothpick, stick it on the cucumber vine that produces curved melon strips, then pour water again, the melon strips can be straightened the next day, and then pull out the fine toothpick, the cucumber can still grow normally.

During the growth of ③ cucumber, the melon strips were blocked by external objects and could not stretch normally, resulting in abnormal bending.

Prevention and treatment: after cucumber sitting on melon, remove the external objects that hinder the growth and development of cucumber, which can make the cucumber elongate normally.

4 bee waist melon

The formation of ① is similar to that of curved melon, and the female flower of cucumber is not pollinated completely, and it is easy to develop into bee-waist melon.

After pollination of ② cucumber, the supply of nutrients in the plant is insufficient, the accumulation of dry matter is less, and the distribution of nutrients is insufficient, which is easy to cause the development of cucumber to form peak waist melon.

Prevention and control methods: strengthen plant nutrition, especially in the fruit setting period to increase the supply of fertilizer and water to ensure adequate nutrient accumulation. In addition, for curved melon or bee waist melon, hormone treatment can be used to make cucumber melon strips grow straight. The commonly used hormones are: 2mem4murD with a concentration of 0.01% and 0.1%, and GA with a concentration of 50 mg / kg. Treatment method: smear or spray cucumber within 3 days before flowering, and the best treatment is on the day of flowering.