Cultivation techniques of Rabdosia angustifolia

Water spinach is also known as bamboo leaf vegetable, hollow vegetable and rattan vegetable. Convolvulaceae, sweet potato genus, annual or perennial herbs. Stir-fry with tender stems and leaves or make soup, which is rich in various vitamins and mineral salts. It is a very important vegetable in summer and autumn. The biological characteristics of water spinach are root system, shallow root and strong regeneration ability. In the early type, the stem nodes are short, the stem is oblate or nearly round, hollow, dark green to light green. The aquatic type has long internodes and adventitious roots on the nodes, which is suitable for cutting propagation. Cotyledons opposite. Horseshoe-shaped, true leaves alternate, long ovate, basal leaves heart-shaped or clothed, entire, smooth, dark green, petiolate. Cymes, l to several flowered, Corolla funnelform, completely flowered, white or pale purple. Room two of the ovary. Capsule, containing 2-4 seeds. The seeds are nearly round, the skin is thick, dark brown, and the weight of a thousand seeds is 32 ~ 37 grams. Water spinach is warm and moist, light-resistant and fertilizer-resistant. The growth potential is strong, and the biggest feature is resistance to waterlogging and high temperature. It can grow under the condition of 15C~40C and is resistant to continuous cropping. Lax requirements for soil, wide adaptability, no matter dry land, paddy fields, gully edge corners can be planted. It can still grow in hot and high temperature in summer, but it is not cold-resistant, the stems and leaves die in case of frost, and can be cultivated all the year round in high-temperature and frost-free areas. Water spinach is a high-temperature short-day crop, which can blossom and bear seeds in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin. On the other hand, Fujita has strict requirements for short-day sunshine, so it can not blossom and bear seeds in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, so it can only use asexual reproduction. 2. Types and varieties of water spinach can be divided into two types: 1. Seed breeding: seed propagation, drought tolerance is stronger than rattan, generally planted in dry land, but also aquatic. Ziqi is divided into two kinds: White flowers and purple flowers. The main results are as follows: (1) Baihuazi: White flowers, thin stems, slow response of large leaves to sunlight, strong adaptability, crisp texture, high yield, cultivated all over the country. Such as Guangzhou big bone green, big chicken yellow, Wenzhou hollow cabbage, suitable for shallow water cultivation. Zhejiang Longyou asparagus is suitable for water surface cultivation. (2) Zihuazi: purple flowers, purplish stems, poor quality and small area, such as Hubei red stem bamboo leaf cabbage. 2. Vines propagate with stems and vines, which generally blossom less and are more difficult to seed. The texture is tender, the quality is good, the growth period is long, the yield is higher. It is mainly cultivated in paddy fields or marshes, and can also be cultivated in dry land. Such as Hunan rattan, Sichuan rattan, Guangzhou Tongcai, Jiangxi Shuihu. Third, the cultivation technique is to raise seedlings in spring, and the seeds are sowed after soaking and accelerating germination. The seedlings emerge neatly and grow rapidly. Generally, 3 kg ~ 4 kg of seeds are needed per mu (1 mu = 667 square meters). The nursery bed can be used in dry land or paddy field, and early sowers need to grow seedlings in protected areas in the first and middle of March. The seedlings were planted at the height of 15 cm ~ 20 cm in the first and middle of April. The distance between rows and plants is 15 cm ~ 20 cm square, with 3 plants in each hole. In addition to direct seeding propagation, the vine can also be cut, and the stem can be obliquely inserted into the soil with a depth of 6 cm, leaving 2-3 leaves exposed to the ground, planting 4000-5000 holes per mu, watering once a day, and surviving after 3-4 days. Liriodendron can be propagated by direct cutting, indirect cutting or branch propagation of perennial roots last year. According to the topography, the cultivation methods can be divided into three types: dry land cultivation, aquatic cultivation and floating cultivation (or deep water cultivation). Dryland cultivation is planted in the usual vegetable garden. Paddy cultivation can be grown in rice fields or in low-lying vegetable gardens. Floating cultivation is cultivated in ponds, ditches or rivers with thick mud layer, fertile water layer and water depth of more than 30 cm. From April to May, side branches are picked and sandwiched with straw rope, brown rope or fine bamboo pole, and both ends are placed on bamboo or wooden stakes. The water spinach on the rope floats on the water surface with the fluctuation of the water, and the stems and leaves of the water spinach are crisp and tender. The management principle of water spinach is planting early, fertilizing more and picking frequently. Generally, when the plant height is 25 cm ~ 30 cm, the base leaves 2 books for picking, and the lateral branches are harvested at 2 nodes after the occurrence of lateral branches. When the wound healed 2-3 days after each picking, dung was applied once. Water spinach is harvested many times at one time, and the harvest period is long. it can be harvested from April to October. Generally, the yield per mu of dry land can be 2500 kg ~ 3000 kg, and that of floating water cultivation can be 6000 kg ~ 7500 kg. 4. seed retention method the seed retention method of water spinach varies according to whether it can bear seeds or not. rattan is generally propagated asexually and seeds are propagated by seeds. 1. Fujita. It is not suitable to select tender stems, but should select strong stem vines in the field and harvest them before frost for storage. The following year, the Spring Equinox will sprout and raise seedlings from Qingming Festival to Lesser Fullness of Grain or Grain in Beard cuttings in the field. During storage, the stem vine is slightly dried, the stored guest bottom mat grass, put the stem vine into, and then cover with straw to keep warm, in order to survive the winter safely. 2. There are three seed collection methods: (1) direct insertion and harvest in place: after the early-sowed water spinach was harvested for 2 or 3 times, the healthy plant which accorded with the variety characteristics was selected as the mother plant in the field in June, no longer harvested, blossomed and seeded after the beginning of autumn, and harvested after the seeds matured in November. (2) transplanting and planting: for the purpose of seed collection, fertilizer and water should not be too much to prevent overgrowth of stems and leaves. The selected mother plant was planted in the high dry land in June, which made the plant grow fully, blossom more and bear fruit well, and the seeds were harvested when the seeds matured in November. (3) Cuttage: excellent mother plants were selected in the early sowing field in June, branches with a length of about 33 cm were picked and planted in the seed nursery with a row spacing of 66 cm and a plant spacing of 33 cm ~ 50 cm, with 2 in each hole, which could bloom and bear fruit in large quantities after 2 months. The seed of this method enriches him, and the quality is better than the first two methods. The seeds can be harvested 75 kg ~ 90 kg per mu.