Diagnosis and treatment of 55 common aquatic diseases

Treatment of common fish diseases 1. White spot disease pathogen: melon worm, insect body oval, soft and malleable, changeable shape. The disease is caused by many small melon insects invading the skin and gills of fish. It can be infected all the year round with high morbidity and mortality. It is a common parasitic fish disease. Symptoms and pathological changes: when the melon worm larvae invade the skin and gills of the fish body, it stimulates the fish body to secrete a large amount of mucus, which makes the fish body tissue proliferate to form white pus cells. At first, the body surface is white pannus-like, but not like skin mold. A few days later, the white spot symptoms are obvious when the small melon worm larvae form cysts on the body surface of the fish. Many punctate cysts appeared on the body surface, Gill and fin of the diseased fish, and the body surface mucus increased significantly. When observed with the naked eye, it is a dense layer of white spots. The small melon worm hid in the pus cell and gradually developed into an adult. In the early stage of the disease, there are white spots on the pectoral fin, dorsal fin, caudal fin and body surface skin. Although the diseased fish are still foraging as usual, they often gather in a corner of the cylinder wall to rub against each other or rub hard objects on the body. A few days later, the white spots spread all over the body, the symptoms began to be obvious, the fish felt uncomfortable, the sick fish lost weight, floated on the water surface or a corner of the cluster, rarely moved, and often floated on the surface in a dull manner. The course of the disease usually lasts 10 days. If the disease is not treated in time, the white spot disease will spread rapidly and make the fish get sick collectively. In the later stage, the body surface is as if covered with a layer of white film, the mucus increases, and the body color is dull. There is obvious seasonality, and the water temperature of 15 ℃ 20 min is the most suitable for the breeding of white spot insects. Prevention and control: (1) according to the characteristics of intolerance to high temperature, raise the water temperature to 28 degrees, (the small melon insects are not easy to reproduce above 25 degrees and begin to die at 28 degrees). After a few days, the cysts of melons and insects will gradually break and fall off, then change the new water and keep the water temperature constant, the basic skills of the diseased fish will be cured. If combined with drug treatment, the cure rate can reach more than 90%. (2) put furacilin powder the size of soybean grains in an aquarium with a dissolved water of 50 kg, dilute it and sprinkle it in the water to bathe the sick fish. (3) soak the new bricks in urine for 24 hours, take out and dry (called urine bricks in ancient times), put them into the tank of sick fish, and it will be effective after a few days. (4) choose 0.2-0.3 grams of mercurous nitrate, dissolve in 10 kilograms of water, wash diseased fish for 10-15 minutes, note that because mercurous nitrate is highly toxic and corrosive, the solution should be placed in a plastic basin, do not use metal containers. (5) using 0.05% Mel 0.07% red mercury solution, put into 10 kg of water, wash the diseased fish for 15-30 minutes, and use the medicine continuously for 2-3 times. (6) treatment with red medicine. The key to this method is not to add more, the water color has been slightly red, it is better to have less than more! Soak 5 Mel for 10 minutes, 1 mo 2 times a day. (7) put in an appropriate amount of methyl blue solution, every 10 gallons of water 4-8cc, bottomless sand with filtration system container, the dosage should be reduced to 1/2 to 1/4. (8) the diseased fish can also be cured by putting the diseased fish in 1% salt water and bathing for 5 days. It is difficult to kill adults with white spot disease, but it is easy to kill young worms, so it can be completely extinguished by maintaining effective agents in water for about 7 to 20 days. 2. Long yellowish cysts can be seen in the head of black spot diseased fish. when they mature, the cysts are black, that is, tail-shaking larvae and posterior capsule larvae, which also invade the eyes, muscles, blood vessels, Gills and internal organs of the fish. if opaque plaques are found in the lens of the eyes, the disease may not be contagious, but it can damage muscle tissue and cause blindness or blindness, and can be fatal in severe cases. At present, there is no cure. Only sterilized needles or tweezers can be used to remove worms. 3. Skin mildew, also known as water mold or white disease, is a common water mold disease. The common pathogens are water mold and woolly mold, the hyphae are slender and branched, but there are also a few unbranched. One end of the hyphae is like a root, growing in the skin and tissue of the fish, and most of the rest protrude from the body surface. The hyphae are 3 inches long, grayish white, soft, like cotton floss. The main causes of skin mildew are fish injuries, scales falling off, or parasites damaging the skin, causing pathogens to invade the wound. Symptoms and pathological changes: after the mold invades from the wound of the fish, it absorbs the nutrients in the cells of the skin tissue and grows rapidly in vitro. At the beginning of the disease, it is not easy to identify special symptoms with the naked eye, when the symptoms can be seen by the naked eye, the hyphae have gone deep into the muscles and grown outward into cotton-like hyphae, so it is called "raw hair". The hyphae were entangled and adhered to the wound tissue, resulting in tissue necrosis. At the same time, the fish lost their appetite, swam abnormally, and finally died. In the early stage of the disease, the individual wound was red and swollen around, and the skin mucus increased. In the later stage of the disease, a cluster of flocculent hyphae was formed in the wound. Skin mildew often occurs during the hatching of fish eggs. When the fish eggs are infected with mold, the hyphae invade the egg membrane, place mycelium outside the egg membrane, and gradually cover other fish eggs. Seriously moldy fish eggs will spread mold to the nearby healthy eggs, making the embryos die in the process of hatching and greatly reduce the hatching rate. In addition, the degree of mold infection is also related to the length of its light time, a long time of continuous rain, the lack of indoor lighting or daylight, are conducive to the breeding of a large number of mold. The skin of the fish infected by mold is covered with a layer of white nebula, especially the black and red fish, which loses its proper body surface luster, and then moves slowly and floats dull on the surface of the water. If not treated in time, the mold on the fish spreads rapidly, the hyphae go deep into the body, and the mortality rate is high. Prevention and treatment: (1) dissolve 0.3 grams of malachite green or methylene blue in 100 kg water and wash the fish for 20 minutes. The mycelium will fall off after a few days, and the original color will be restored soon. Spraying malachite green solution with 0.02ppm concentration into the fish tank has a certain effect on the prevention and treatment of moldy fish eggs. (2) 250g of salt and baking soda were mixed and dissolved in the aquarium of 100*55*45CM and persisted several times with remarkable effect. Because tropical fish are extremely sensitive to salt, no matter which disease is washed or sprinkled with salt water, the symptoms will be alleviated after a few days. (3) spraying with formaldehyde solution with 0.3ppm concentration can inhibit the breeding of mold. It also has a certain effect on skin mildew. (4) the installation of a 15-watt ultraviolet lamp at the top of the aquarium of 100*55*45CM for several hours a day can effectively inhibit or eliminate the breeding of water mold. It is also effective to soak methylene blue potion or put diseased fish in 1% of salt water or penicillin solution. -learned, thank you.-didn't you say 55? -good stuff, thank you-where did you plagiarize?-reply "gzdckjyxgs is not plagiarism, I didn't say my original work, just share it, if you need it, you don't have to forget it. The eel dragon added the following at 23:23 on 2009-12-17 23:23 and replied "liuminjia, but it hasn't been sent yet. Thank you for your attention.